ArticleNature biomedical engineering2018
Reduction of measurement noise in a continuous glucose monitor by coating the sensor with a zwitterionic polymer.
Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 218 citations in OpenAlex.
- Foreign Body Reaction to Implanted Biomaterials and Its Impact in Nerve Neuroprosthetics.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Pooled it
- Tissue Response to Subcutaneous Infusion Catheter.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2020Pooled it
- Continuous Molecular Monitoring Using Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors: Remaining Challenges for Long-Term In Vivo Deployment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Bioresorbable electrochemical sensors for continuous deep-tissue lactate monitoring in critical care.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A Facile and Versatile Technique for Creating Antifibrotic Coatings on Biomedical Implants.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Tissue-bioelectronics interfaces.Chemical Society reviews · 2026Review
- Thermally Degradable Biocompatible Hydrogel as Transient Encapsulation Coating for Implantable Sensors.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Continuous insulin monitoring using an antibody-protecting zwitterionic microneedle patch.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Vertical graphene-coated core-shell microneedle as miniatured sensor for in vivo glucose monitoring.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- A programmable bioresorbable electrochemical microneedle sensor array for perioperative monitoring of organ health.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Tissue-adhesive hydrogel-MXene biosensor for in situ intraoral TNF-α detection.Science advances · 2026Article
- Don't judge an implant by its cover: how the foreign body response and fibrotic capsule might be harnessed for good.npj biomedical innovations · 2026Review
- Body Biofluids for Minimally-Invasive Diagnostics: Insights, Challenges, Emerging Technologies, and Clinical Potential.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Immune-compatible designs of semiconducting polymers for bioelectronics with suppressed foreign-body response.Nature materials · 2026Article
- Biodegradable Implantable Electronics with Wireless Technology for Real-Time Clinical Applications.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Adhesive nonfibrotic bioelectronic interfaces on diverse peripheral nerves for long-term functional neuromodulation.Science advances · 2025Article
- Zwitterionic hydrogel designs for conducting polymers enable bioelectronics with suppressed foreign body responses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Immunocompatible Elastomer With Enhanced Fibrous Capsule-Resistance and Elasticity by Water-Induced Surface Phase Reconfiguration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Topographical Patterning of Cell-Repellent Interfaces for Immune-Stealth Implantable Electronics via Multiphoton Ablation Lithography.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Macrophage response to fibrin structure mediated by Tgm2-dependent mitochondrial mechanosensing.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), used by patients with diabetes mellitus, can autonomously track fluctuations in blood glucose over time. However, the signal produced by CGMs during the initial recording period following sensor implantation contains substantial noise, requiring frequent recalibration via fingerprick tests. Here, we show that coating the sensor with a zwitterionic polymer, found via a combinatorial-chemistry approach, significantly reduces signal noise and improves CGM performance. We evaluated the polymer-coated sensors in mice as well as in healthy and diabetic non-human primates, and show that the sensors accurately record glucose levels without the need for recalibration. We also show that the polymer-coated sensors significantly abrogated immune responses to the sensor, as indicated by histology, fluorescent whole-body imaging of inflammation-associated protease activity, and gene expression of inflammation markers. The polymer coating may allow CGMs to become standalone measuring devices.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.