ReviewActa neuropathologica2019
The origin, fate, and contribution of macrophages to spinal cord injury pathology.
Review in Acta neuropathologica, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 160 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
160 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A comprehensive transcriptional reference for severity and progression in spinal cord injury reveals novel translational biomarker genes.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Immune Status of Individuals with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Bibliometric and visual analysis of spinal cord injury-associated macrophages from 2002 to 2023.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Hierarchical targeting biomimetic nanoparticles directing to lesion site and mitochondria promote neuroregeneration and attenuate inflammation after spinal cord injury.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Emerging Regenerative Medicine for Spinal Cord Injury: Spinal Cord Organoids-on-a-Chip.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Notch Signaling in Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Perspectives.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Exacerbation of neuronal senescence after spinal cord injury: Role of the macrophage-derived transforming growth factor-β1-SMAD2 signaling axis.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Recombinant Artemin-Fc Fusion Protein Attenuates TLR4/NF-κB-Associated Neuroinflammation and Modulates Inhibitory/Excitatory Synaptic Marker Expression After Spinal Cord Injury.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- KDM6A/MMP-3 epigenetic axis governs macrophage senescence after spinal cord injury for mediating the regenerative niche to promote neurological repair.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Prmt6 Deficiency or Inhibition Restores Microglial Homeostasis and Promotes Scar-Limited Repair in Adult Spinal Cord Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Histone H3K9 lactylation activates the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway to drive macrophage inflammation after spinal cord injury.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Targeting the glial-fibrotic scar microenvironment after spinal cord injury: From integrated protection to systematic regulation of regenerative balance.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- APOE-mediated lipid transport prevents C1q-related synaptic loss after spinal cord injury via attenuating macrophage lipid stress.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- A Conjugation Delivery System of Macrophages and Platelet Pharmacytes Promotes Regeneration After Spinal Cord Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Targeting astrocyte-monocyte-neuron crosstalk in spinal cord injury: therapeutic insights from methyl gallate.Spinal cord · 2026Article
- Mechanical Remodeling and Mechanosensing after Spinal Cord Injury: From Molecular to Translational Approaches.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Sex differences in peripheral and local immune responses following spinal cord injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Zinc Hexacyanoferrate Nanoenzymes Attenuate Neuroinflammation After Spinal Cord Injury by Modulating Mitochondrial Function and Microglial Polarization.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Limited effects of the REV-ERB agonist SR9009 after mouse spinal cord contusion: Reduced acute pathology with unaffected functional recovery and chronic white matter loss.Neuroscience letters · 2026Article
- CD44 Knockout Alters the Cellular Response and Improves Locomotor Outcome After Spinal Cord Injury.ASN neuro · 2026Article
100 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Virtually all phases of spinal cord injury pathogenesis, including inflammation, cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as tissue remodeling, are mediated in part by infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages. It is now clear that these infiltrating macrophages have distinct functions from resident microglia and are capable of mediating both harmful and beneficial effects after injury. These divergent effects have been largely attributed to environmental cues, such as specific cytokines, that influence the macrophage polarization state. In this review, we also consider the possibility that different macrophage origins, including the spleen, bone marrow, and local self-renewal, may also affect macrophage fate, and ultimately their function that contribute to the complex pathobiology of spinal cord injury.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.