ArticleBMJ open2019
Risk factors associated with oral manifestations and oral health impact of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a multicentre, cross-sectional study in Pakistan.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of erosive tooth wear in risk group patients: systematic review.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Pooled it
- Thailand guideline 2020 for medical management of gastroesophageal reflux disease.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2022Guideline
- Laryngopharyngeal reflux, gastroesophageal reflux and dental disorders: A systematic review.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and DMFT index in the PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Clinical Practice for Tooth Wear: A Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Effect of antacid gastric syrups on surface properties of dental restorative materials: an in vitro analysis of roughness and microhardness.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Association Between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Periodontitis: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study from the Korean National Health Screening Cohort.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of gastro-esophageal reflux disease among college students at a public university in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Risk of Dental Erosion in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Meta-Analysis.Dentistry journal · 2022Article
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease and oral symptoms: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Comparative Study of Salivary pH, Buffer Capacity, and Flow in Patients with and without Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Experimental Study Regarding the Behavior at Different pH of Two Types of Co-Cr Alloys Used for Prosthetic Restorations.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2021Article
- Laryngopharyngeal Reflux and Inflammatory Responses in Mucosal Barrier Dysfunction of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract.Journal of inflammation research · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveGastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a relatively common disorder and manifests with extraoesophageal symptoms, such as dental erosions (DE), cough, laryngitis, asthma, and oral soft- and hard-tissue pathologies. This study aimed (1) to identify oral soft and hard-tissue changes in patients with GORD and (2) to evaluate these oral changes as indices for assessing GORD and its severity.
settingThis cross-sectional study was conducted at four major tertiary care government hospitals, in two metropolitan cities of Pakistan.
participantsIn total, 187 of 700 patients who underwent oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy and having GORD were included in the study. Patients with GORD were divided according to the presence of DE into group A (with DE, chronic/severe GORD) and group B (without DE, mild GORD). Patients who were unconscious and had extremely limited mouth opening were excluded. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Abnormal conditions and lesions of the oral mucosa were recorded. The impact of oral hard and soft-tissue changes on the oral health-related quality of life was assessed using the Pakistani (Urdu) version of the validated Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) instrument.
resultsOral submucous fibrosis (66.3%), ulceration (59.4%) and xerostomia (47.6%) were significantly more common in group A (p<0.05). The prevalence of GORD was 26.7%, within which the prevalence of DE was 35.3%. Unhealthy dietary pattern, nausea/vomiting, oesophagitis, xerostomia, ulceration, gingivitis and angular cheilitis showed a statistically significant association with chronic GORD and DE. All subscales of OHIP-14 were positively correlated (p<0.05) in patients with GORD and DE, with notable impact on psychological discomfort (rs=0.30), physical disability (rs=0.29), psychological disability (rs=0.27) and functional limitation (rs=0.20).
conclusionPatients with GORD and DE presented with more severe oral manifestations than did those with GORD and no DE. We recommend timely dental check-ups to assess the severity of both systemic and oral disease.
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