Trial reportNeuroImage. Clinical2019
Cause or effect: Altered brain and network activity in cervical dystonia is partially normalized by botulinum toxin treatment.
Trial report in NeuroImage. Clinical, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural magnetic resonance imaging in dystonia: A systematic review of methodological approaches and findings.European journal of neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Effect of Botulinum Toxin on Sensori-Motor Integration in Movement Disorders: A Scoping Review.Toxins · 2025Article
- Botulinum Toxin: A Comprehensive Review of Its Molecular Architecture and Mechanistic Action.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Spontaneous neural activity alterations in medication-naïve primary blepharospasm: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2025Article
- Brain functional network topology and connectivity in primary blepharospasm.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2025Article
- Memory-Guided Saccades and Non-Motor Symptoms Improve after Botulinum Toxin Therapy in Cervical Dystonia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Regional structural abnormalities in thalamus in idiopathic cervical dystonia.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Cortico-Subcortical White Matter Bundle Changes in Cervical Dystonia and Blepharospasm.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Amelioration of trichotillomania with onabotulinumtoxinA for chronic migraine.BMJ case reports · 2023Article
- Functional connectivity alterations in the frontoparietal network and sensorimotor network are associated with behavioral heterogeneity in blepharospasm.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Function and dysfunction of the dystonia network: an exploration of neural circuits that underlie the acquired and isolated dystonias.Dystonia (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Is Resting State Functional MRI Effective Connectivity in Movement Disorders Helpful? A Focused Review Across Lifespan and Disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- Botulinum Neurotoxins in Central Nervous System: An Overview from Animal Models to Human Therapy.Toxins · 2021Review
- Impaired Inhibitory Control of Saccadic Eye Movements in Cervical Dystonia: An Eye-Tracking Study.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2021Article
- Botulinum toxin injection changes resting state cerebellar connectivity in cervical dystonia.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Review
- Botulinum Toxin in Movement Disorders: An Update.Toxins · 2021Review
- The Use of Botulinum Toxin for Treatment of the Dystonias.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2021Article
- Dystonia Management: What to Expect From the Future? The Perspectives of Patients and Clinicians Within DystoniaNet Europe.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIdiopathic cervical dystonia (CD) is a chronic movement disorder characterized by impressive clinical symptoms and the lack of clear pathological findings in clinical diagnostics and imaging. At present, the injection of botulinum toxin (BNT) in dystonic muscles is an effective therapy to control motor symptoms and pain in CD.
objectivesWe hypothesized that, although it is locally injected to dystonic muscles, BNT application leads to changes in brain and network activity towards normal brain function.
methodsUsing 3 T functional MR imaging along with advanced analysis techniques (functional connectivity, Granger causality, and regional homogeneity), we aimed to characterize brain activity in CD (17 CD patients vs. 17 controls) and to uncover the effects of BNT treatment (at 6 months).
resultsIn CD, we observed an increased information flow within the basal ganglia, the thalamus, and the sensorimotor cortex. In parallel, some of these structures became less responsive to regulating inputs. Furthermore, our results suggested an altered somatosensory integration. Following BNT administration, we noted a shift towards normal brain function in the CD patients, especially within the motor cortex, the somatosensory cortex, and the basal ganglia.
conclusionThe changes in brain function and network activity in CD can be interpreted as related to the underlying cause, the effort to compensate or a mixture of both. Although BNT is applied in the last stage of the cortico-neuromuscular pathway, brain patterns are shifted towards those of healthy controls.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.