ArticleClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association2019
Appropriate Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Biologic Agents for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.
Article in Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 167 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
167 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 321 citations in OpenAlex.
- Second United Arab Emirates consensus guidance on the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Management of paediatric ulcerative colitis, part 1: Ambulatory care-An updated evidence-based consensus guideline from the European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2025Guideline
- Reactive Immunomodulator Addition to Infliximab Monotherapy Restores Clinical Response in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Meta-Analysis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Systematic review with meta-analysis: association between vedolizumab trough concentration and clinical outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2019Pooled it
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- Crohn's Disease Stricture Response to Treatment Assessed with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Intestinal Ultrasound: STRIDENT Randomized Trial.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Trial
- Three-Year Efficacy and Safety of Mirikizumab Following 152 Weeks of Continuous Treatment for Ulcerative Colitis: Results From the LUCENT-3 Open-Label Extension Study.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Trial
- Vedolizumab serum trough concentrations with and without thiopurines in ulcerative colitis: The prospective VIEWS pharmacokinetics study.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Ustekinumab trough concentration affects clinical and endoscopic outcomes in patients with refractory Crohn's disease: a Chinese real-world study.BMC gastroenterology · 2021Trial
- Associations Between Anti-TNF Pharmacokinetics, Immunogenicity, and Therapeutic Response in Iraqi Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Real-World Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Oridonin ameliorates ulcerative colitis by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to activate autophagy.International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Article
- External validation of population pharmacokinetic models of adalimumab in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease: towards model-informed precision dosing.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2026Article
- Paradigm shift in inflammatory bowel disease management-advanced therapy utilization, persistence, and outcomes in a United Arab Emirates cohort during 2015-2025.Crohn's & colitis 360 · 2026Article
- Reactive Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Guides Optimal Management of Adalimumab Failure in Pediatric Crohn's Disease: A Real-World Single-Center Experience.Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Anti-TNF immunogenicity in a Middle Eastern inflammatory bowel disease cohort: prevalence, predictors and context-specific drug level thresholds.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2026Article
- An observational cohort study evaluating adalimumab concentrations for predicting non-recapture of biochemical response after dose escalation in patients with Crohn's disease experiencing secondary loss of response.Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Successful methotrexate rescue following antibody-mediated infliximab failure for treatment-refractory hidradenitis suppurativa.JAAD case reports · 2026Article
107 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 14 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsTherapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is widely available for biologic therapies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We reviewed current data and provided expert opinion regarding the clinical utility of TDM for biologic therapies in IBD.
methodsWe used a modified Delphi method to establish consensus. A comprehensive literature review was performed regarding the use of TDM of biologic therapy in IBD and presented to international IBD specialists. Subsequently, 28 statements on the application of TDM in clinical practice were rated on a scale of 1 to 10 (1 = strongly disagree and 10 = strongly agree) by each of the panellists. Statements were accepted if 80% or more of the participants agreed with a score ≥7. The remaining statements were discussed and revised based on the available evidence followed by a second round of voting.
resultsThe panel agreed on 24 (86%) statements. For anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapies, proactive TDM was found to be appropriate after induction and at least once during maintenance therapy, but this was not the case for the other biologics. Reactive TDM was appropriate for all agents both for primary non-response and secondary loss of response. The panellists also agreed on several statements regarding TDM and appropriate drug and anti-drug antibody (ADA) concentration thresholds for biologics in specific clinical scenarios.
conclusionConsensus was achieved towards the utility of TDM of biologics in IBD, particularly anti-TNF therapies. More data are needed especially on non-anti-TNF biologics to further define optimal drug concentration and ADA thresholds as these can vary depending on the therapeutic outcomes assessed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.