ReviewPituitary2019
Pituitary pathology in traumatic brain injury: a review.
Review in Pituitary, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute and chronic hypopituitarism following traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2024Pooled it
- Persisting neuroendocrine abnormalities and their association with physical impairment 5 years after critical illness.Critical care (London, England) · 2021Trial
- Development and validation of a predictive model for hypothalamic obesity following craniopharyngioma resection.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- CaNeurochemical research · 2026Article
- New insights and predictability from in vivo recordings of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in disorders of consciousness.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2026Article
- Pituitary function after moderate or severe traumatic brain injury in two pediatric reference centers in Bogotá D.C, Colombia.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Observational
- Post-Traumatic Pituitary Stalk Transection Syndrome.Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2026Article
- Navigating anterior pituitary dysfunction after traumatic brain injury: mechanisms, diagnosis, and management.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2025Review
- Endocrine Dysfunctions After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Present Insights and Future Directions.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Muscle weakness after critical illness: unravelling biological mechanisms and clinical hurdles.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- Article
- Endocrine dysfunction post-traumatic brain injury: challenges and therapeutic approaches.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2025Review
- Effects of traumatic brain injury on vascular response and fracture healing: an experimental study in a rat model.Acta orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica · 2025Article
- Sufentanil enhances the cortical neurogenesis of rats with traumatic brain injury via PI3K/AKT signal pathway.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Delayed onset arginine vasopressin deficiency after traumatic brain injury.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports · 2024Article
- Pituitary dysfunction following mild traumatic brain injury in female athletes.Endocrine connections · 2024Article
- Blast-related mild TBI: LIMBIC-CENC focused review with implications commentary.NeuroRehabilitation · 2024Review
- Menstrual Cycle Patterns After Concussion in Adolescent Patients.The Journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies in a kitten: Hyposomatotropism, hypothyroidism, central diabetes insipidus and hypogonadism.The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne · 2023Article
- An Approach to Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Hypopituitarism: Overcoming the Pediatric Challenges.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTraumatic brain injury most commonly affects young adults under the age of 35 and frequently results in reduced quality of life, disability, and death. In long-term survivors, hypopituitarism is a common complication.
resultsPituitary dysfunction occurs in approximately 20-40% of patients diagnosed with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury giving rise to growth hormone deficiency, hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, hypocortisolism, and central diabetes insipidus. Varying degrees of hypopituitarism have been identified in patients during both the acute and chronic phase. Anterior pituitary hormone deficiency has been shown to cause morbidity and increase mortality in TBI patients, already encumbered by other complications. Hypopituitarism after childhood traumatic brain injury may cause treatable morbidity in those survivors. Prospective studies indicate that the incidence rate of hypopituitarism may be ten-fold higher than assumed; factors altering reports include case definition, geographic location, variable hospital coding, and lost notes. While the precise pathophysiology of post traumatic hypopituitarism has not yet been elucidated, it has been hypothesized that, apart from the primary mechanical event, secondary insults such as hypotension, hypoxia, increased intracranial pressure, as well as changes in cerebral flow and metabolism may contribute to hypothalamic-pituitary damage. A number of mechanisms have been proposed to clarify the causes of primary mechanical events giving rise to ischemic adenohypophysial infarction and the ensuing development of hypopituitarism.
conclusionFuture research should focus more on experimental and clinical studies to elucidate the exact mechanisms behind post-traumatic pituitary damage. The use of preventive medical measures to limit possible damage in the pituitary gland and hypothalamic pituitary axis in order to maintain or re-establish near normal physiologic functions are crucial to minimize the effects of TBI.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.