ArticleGlobal health, science and practice2019
Successfully Engaging Private Providers to Improve Diagnosis, Notification, and Treatment of TB and Drug-Resistant TB: The EQUIP Public-Private Model in Chennai, India.
Article in Global health, science and practice, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Barriers to engagement in the care cascade for tuberculosis disease in India: A systematic review of quantitative studies.PLoS medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Enhancing tuberculosis care in the private sector: Role of innovative private sector engagement model under programmatic settings in India.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Enhancing tuberculosis case notifications through mapping sales of medicine in the private sector: a quasi-experimental study in Punjab province, Pakistan.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Patient and health system delays in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in Gandaki, Nepal.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- What ails tuberculosis notification from the private sector in urban India: a qualitative study among stakeholders in Bengaluru City, southern India.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Engagement of private health care facilities in TB management in Lusaka district of Zambia: lessons learned and achievements.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Exploring private sector perspectives on barriers and facilitators in availing tuberculosis care cascade services: a qualitative study from the Indian state.BMC primary care · 2024Article
- Cost of inaction: a framework to estimate the economic cost of missing a patient with tuberculosis in the Indian context.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Participation of private providers in the National TB Programme in South India.Public health action · 2023Article
- Development and pilot testing of a clinic implementation program delivering physical activity electronic referrals to cancer survivors.Translational behavioral medicine · 2023Article
- Engaging the Private Health Service Delivery Sector for TB Care in India-Miles to Go!Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Review
- Implementation of a tuberculosis elimination project, India 2018-2019.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2023Article
- Gaps and Interventions across the Diagnostic Care Cascade of TB Patients at the Level of Patient, Community and Health System: A Qualitative Review of the Literature.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Review
- Measuring tuberculosis patient perceived quality of care in public and public-private mix settings in India: an instrument development and validation study.BMJ open quality · 2022Article
- Key recommendations to strengthen public-private partnership for adolescent health in resource constrained settings: Formative qualitative inquiry in Mongolia, Myanmar and the Philippines.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2021Article
- STEPS: A Solution for Ensuring Standards of TB Care for Patients Reaching Private Hospitals in India.Global health, science and practice · 2021Article
- Performance of revised national tuberculosis control program in Bihar: A situational analysis.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2020Article
- Ending TB in Southeast Asia: current resources are not enough.BMJ global health · 2020Review
- Acceptability of mandatory tuberculosis notification among private practitioners in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.BMC research notes · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrivate physicians in India see and treat more than half of all people with tuberculosis (TB) each year and thus have potential to make significant contributions to TB control. The EQUIP project was designed as a prospective cohort study to assess the potential of private providers to diagnose and appropriately treat drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) in the Central and South districts of Chennai, India.
methodsThe private-sector engagement model consisted of free access to rapid diagnostics; choice of free daily or thrice-weekly treatment regimens; support for notification of patients; and patient support including directly observed therapy through EQUIP centers staffed by a community-based interface agency. Data were collected on provider participation; referral results; treatment regimens prescribed; and treatment outcomes.
resultsFrom October 2015 through June 2017, 227 of the 466 (48.7%) private providers approached referred at least 1 patient to an EQUIP center for evaluation. A total of 2,621 patients received testing and 1,232 (47.0%) were diagnosed with TB. Of those, 727 (59.0%) were bacteriologically confirmed, including 694 (56.3%) using GeneXpert and 33 (2.7%) using smear microscopy. A total of 26 (3.7% of GeneXpert diagnosed) patients were confirmed as rifampicin-resistant cases. EQUIP-related notifications comprised approximately 10% of TB and DR-TB notifications in Chennai during the project period. The project initiated 1,167 (96.8%) drug-sensitive TB patients on treatment. Of those, 691 (59.2%) received standard daily regimens with EQUIP support and 288 (24.7%) received standard intermittent regimens. At the time of writing, 89.4% of 868 drug-susceptible TB patients receiving EQUIP support had treatment success. Of the 26 rifampicin-resistant TB cases notified, 20 (77%) started and continued on second-line treatment; 2 died and 4 were lost to follow-up prior to treatment initiation.
conclusionPrivate providers can make a substantial contribution to detection and appropriate treatment of patients with TB and DR-TB in India when provided with access to rapid diagnostics, support for notification and patient treatment through interface agencies, and free, quality anti-TB drugs.
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