ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Spontaneous driving forces give rise to protein-RNA condensates with coexisting phases and complex material properties.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 295 papers.
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Who cites it
295 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Distinct Structural Propensities of Poly-C, A, and U Single-Stranded RNA.Biomacromolecules · 2026Article
- Review
- Lipid-Mediated DNA-Protein Coupling Reinforces the Mechanics of HP1α-DNA Condensates.Small science · 2026Article
- RNA Promotes Synapsin Condensates That Organize Synaptic Vesicles in Live Neurons and Enable Localized Translation in Reconstituted System.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Single Fluorogens and Orientation-Localization Microscopy for Quantifying Chemical and Biomolecular Dynamics at the Nanoscale.Accounts of chemical research · 2026Article
- Active RNA synthesis patterns nuclear condensates.Cell systems · 2026Article
- Mast cell extracellular granules are bioactive condensates assembled by heparin and polyamine.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Mapping interactions between disordered regions reveals promiscuity in biomolecular condensate formation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Enhanced Condensation of RNA Repeats Induced by Terahertz Oscillatory Fields.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Bottom-Up Coacervate-Based Artificial Cells: Integrating Cellular Hallmarks into Complex Life-Like Systems.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Review
- Mapping RNA structure assembly and remodeling in biomolecular condensates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Stress Granule Sequestration of CCR4-NOT Promotes Poly(A) Lengthening of Stress-Survival Transcripts.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Computational rheometry for modeling viscoelasticity and mechanical responses of biomolecular condensates.Biophysical journal · 2026Article
- Dilute but Dense - Reversible Crosslinking Enables Water-Rich (Bio)polymer Condensates.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Condensate protein aggregation in ALS/FTD is regulated by GGGGCC-repeat RNA scaffolds.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026Article
- Navigating condensate micropolarity to enhance small-molecule drug targeting.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- DNA affects the phenotype of fuel-dependent coacervate droplets.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Decoding nucleic acid contributions to phase separation and ordering in biomolecular condensates.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
235 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Phase separation of multivalent protein and RNA molecules underlies the biogenesis of biomolecular condensates such as membraneless organelles. In vivo, these condensates encompass hundreds of distinct types of molecules that typically organize into multilayered structures supporting the differential partitioning of molecules into distinct regions with distinct material properties. The interplay between driven (active) versus spontaneous (passive) processes that are required for enabling the formation of condensates with coexisting layers of distinct material properties remains unclear. Here, we deploy systematic experiments and simulations based on coarse-grained models to show that the collective interactions among the simplest, biologically relevant proteins and archetypal RNA molecules are sufficient for driving the spontaneous emergence of multilayered condensates with distinct material properties. These studies yield a set of rules regarding homotypic and heterotypic interactions that are likely to be relevant for understanding the interplay between active and passive processes that control the formation of functional biomolecular condensates.
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