ArticleJournal of pediatric psychology2019
Psychometric Properties of the Parent and Child Problem Areas in Diabetes Measures.
Article in Journal of pediatric psychology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effect of automated insulin delivery system use on diabetes distress in people with type 1 diabetes and their caregivers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of patient-reported outcome measures in paediatric endocrinology.BMC endocrine disorders · 2022Pooled it
- A randomized trial comparing supplemental video care and asynchronous remote monitoring among young people with type 1 diabetes and elevated glycemic levels.Pediatric diabetes · 2026Trial
- Psychosocial outcomes with the Omnipod® 5 Automated Insulin Delivery System in caregivers of very young children with type 1 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2024Trial
- The moderating role of diabetes distress on the effect of a randomized eHealth intervention on glycemic control in Black adolescents with type 1 diabetes.Journal of pediatric psychology · 2024Trial
- Hybrid Closed Loop Systems Improve Glycemic Control and Quality of Life in Historically Minoritized Youth with Diabetes.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2024Trial
- Psychosocial Impact of the Insulin-Only iLet Bionic Pancreas for Adults, Youth, and Caregivers of Youth with Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2023Trial
- Health-Related Quality of Life and Treatment Satisfaction in Parents and Children with Type 1 Diabetes Using Closed-Loop Control.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2021Trial
- The Role of Parental Overreactivity and Laxness in Diabetes Outcomes Among Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Article
- 14. Children and Adolescents: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- SWIIM study protocol: a pre-post study evaluating the implementation of an established pediatric diabetes management program to improve glycemic outcomes for children and young people with type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Use of Continuous Glucose Monitors in Publicly Insured Youth With Type 2 Diabetes: A 12-month Pilot and Feasibility Study.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Article
- Design of the type 1 diabetes and life (T1DAL) pilot and feasibility study: A brief telehealth intervention targeting health-related quality of life across clinical settings.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2025Article
- Diabetes-related distress over time and its associations with glucose levels in school-aged children.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2025Article
- Implementing Diabetes Distress Screening in a Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic Using a Digital Health Platform: Quantitative Secondary Data Analysis.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2025Article
- Article
- 14. Children and Adolescents: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Parents of Children With Type 1 Diabetes Experienced More Parent-Specific Distress Than Parents of Adolescents in China.Pediatric diabetes · 2025Article
- Utilizing Crowdsourcing to Incorporate the Voice of the Family When Developing a Diabetes Distress Intervention.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025Article
- Early Results of an Innovative Scalable Digital Treatment for Diabetes Distress in Families of School-Age Children with Type 1 Diabetes.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveChildren with type 1 diabetes and their parents face daily self-care demands, leading to diabetes-specific emotional distress. A standardized measure of diabetes distress can guide clinical care and prevent negative outcomes.
methodsThis study evaluated the psychometric properties of child- and parent-report measures of the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale, adapted for children ages 8-12 (PAID-C) and their parents (P-PAID-C). Participants were from 42 diabetes camps in the United States. Children (N = 804; mean age = 10.3 ± 1.1) and parents (N = 968) completed measures of diabetes distress, diabetes-related strengths, and self-care skills. Half of the sample was used for exploratory factor analyses (EFA) with direct oblimin rotation and the other half for confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs).
resultsFor the PAID-C, EFA and CFAs supported an 11-item two-factor measure, Cronbach's α = .91, accounting for 54.6% of the variance. For the P-PAID-C, analyses resulted in a 16-item measure, Cronbach's α = .92, accounting for 51.9% of the variance. PAID-C and P-PAID-C scores were positively correlated with HbA1c (rchild = .08, p = .04; rparent = .18, p < .001), and negatively correlated with diabetes-related strengths (rchild = -.38, p < .001, rparent = -.29, p < .001) and parent report of child self-care skills (rparent = -.13, p < .001; rchild = -0.07, p = ns).
conclusionsInitial psychometrics suggest that the PAID-C and P-PAID-C reliably and validly capture diabetes-specific emotional distress for children and their parents. Associations with glycemic control, self-care, and diabetes strengths demonstrate criterion validity. Both measures have potential applications for routine, clinic-based assessments of diabetes distress and may guide clinical decision-making.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.