ReviewGels (Basel, Switzerland)2017
Properties of Water Bound in Hydrogels.
Review in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 287 citations in OpenAlex.
- Citric-acid-assisted upcycling ofFood chemistry: X · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Nanocomposite Hydrogel Sensors for Healthcare Applications: Fabrication Techniques, Multifunctionality and Challenges.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Hydrogel-Based Depot Systems in Psychiatric Pharmacotherapy: A Narrative Review Rethinking Long-Acting Drug Delivery.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multi-Scale Water Modulation for Regulating Water Reactivity and Suppressing Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI) Corrosion.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Mannitol as a Critical Excipient in Spray-Dried Chitosan Microspheres for Nasal Donepezil Delivery: Insights from Integrated Biomimetic Models.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Microwave-vacuum drying modulates the supramolecular organization and biofunctionality of β-glucans from edible mushrooms.Food chemistry: X · 2026Article
- Aluminum Cross-Linked Carboxylated Nanocellulose Hydrogels with Enhanced Antifreezing Properties.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Multi-layered marble for hydrogel encapsulation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Mapping the evolving landscape of conductive hydrogels in medicine: A bibliometric perspective.Regenerative therapy · 2026Article
- Development and physicochemical evaluation of a gelatine-based hydrogel tube for potential use in veterinary glaucoma implants.Journal of veterinary research · 2026Article
- Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxation in Aqueous Sugar Solutions: Can Low-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxation Measurements Differentiate between "Bound" and "Free" Water?ACS physical chemistry Au · 2026Article
- Hydrogel Systems in Plant Germplasm Cryopreservation: A Comprehensive Review.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Rheology and Moisture-Responsive Adhesion of Hydroxypropyl Cellulose-Enhanced Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Polyethylene Glycol Hydrogels.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Hydrogels for Climate Change Mitigation: Applications in Water Harvesting, Passive Cooling, and Environmental Solutions.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A Deployable 4D Printed, Mucoadhesive and Magnetically Guided Patch for Local Therapy of Gastric Cancer.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Applications of Hydrogels for Next-Generation Batteries.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Hydrophobic Interactions of Modified Coconut Oil and Pluronic 127 Enable Stable Formation of Bioactive Hydrogel for Onychomycosis.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Piezoelectric Effect of k-Carrageenan as a Tool for Force Sensor.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Advances in cellulose-based hydrogels: tunable swelling dynamics and their versatile real-time applications.RSC advances · 2025Review
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this review, the importance of water in hydrogel (HG) properties and structure is analyzed. A variety of methods such as ¹H NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), XRD (X-ray powder diffraction), dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, thermally stimulated depolarization current, quasi-elastic neutron scattering, rheometry, diffusion, adsorption, infrared spectroscopy are used to study water in HG. The state of HG water is rather non-uniform. According to thermodynamic features of water in HG, some of it is non-freezing and strongly bound, another fraction is freezing and weakly bound, and the third fraction is non-bound, free water freezing at 0 °C. According to structural features of water in HG, it can be divided into two fractions with strongly associated and weakly associated waters. The properties of the water in HG depend also on the amounts and types of solutes, pH, salinity, structural features of HG functionalities.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.