ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2019
Cytotoxic and inflammatory effects of individual and combined exposure of HepG2 cells to zearalenone and its metabolites.
Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of miR-34a gene expression in Zearalenone-mediated toxicity in vitro: the protective effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Reproductive Toxicity of Zearalenone and Its Molecular Mechanisms: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Identification and Characterization of Two Aryl Sulfotransferases from Deep-Sea Marine Fungi and Their Implications in the Sulfation of Secondary Metabolites.Marine drugs · 2024Article
- Mycotoxin Biodegradation byToxins · 2024Review
- Article
- Effect of DON and ZEN and their metabolites DOM-1 and HZEN on B cell proliferation and antibody production.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Protective Effect of Fucoxanthin on Zearalenone-Induced Hepatic Damage through Nrf2 Mediated by PI3K/AKT Signaling.Marine drugs · 2023Article
- Estrogenic in vitro evaluation of zearalenone and its phase I and II metabolites in combination with soy isoflavones.Archives of toxicology · 2022Article
- Recent Research onFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review
- Review
- Metabolic Disruption by Naturally Occurring Mycotoxins in Circulation: A Focus on Vascular and Bone Homeostasis Dysfunction.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Updated Review of the Toxicity of SelectedToxins · 2021Review
- The Influence of Zearalenone on Selected Hemostatic Parameters in Sexually Immature Gilts.Toxins · 2021Article
- Article
- Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone-Synergistic or Antagonistic Agri-Food Chain Co-Contaminants?Toxins · 2021Review
- In Vitro Evaluation of the Individual and Combined Cytotoxic and Estrogenic Effects of Zearalenone, Its Reduced Metabolites, Alternariol, and Genistein.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Neuroimmune disruptions from naturally occurring levels of mycotoxins.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA), a mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium spp., is most commonly found as a contaminant in stored grain. ZEA derivatives (α-zearalenol (α-ZOL), β-zearalenol (β-ZOL)) can also be produced by Fusarium spp. in corn stems infected by fungi in the field. Also, following oral exposure, zearalenone is metabolized in various tissues, particularly in the liver, the major metabolites being α-ZOL and β-ZOL. The co-exposure of cells to mixture of a combination of mycotoxins may cause an increase of toxicity produced by these mycotoxins. In this in vitro study, we investigated the combined effects of ZEA, α-ZOL, β-ZOL in binary mixtures on the viability and inflammatory response of human liver cancer cell line (HepG2). Cell viability was assessed after 72 h using a neutral red assay. Effect of the toxins and their binary combinations on the expression of genes involved in inflammation (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-8) were assessed through qPCR. Our viability data showed that irrespective of the toxin combinations, the toxins have synergistic effect. ZEA + α-ZOL and ZEA + β-ZOL mixtures have induced a slight to high antagonistic response on inflammatory cytokines at low concentrations that have turned into strong synergism for high concentrations. α-ZOL + β-ZOL showed antagonistic effects on inflammation for IL-1β and TNF-α, but act synergic for IL-8 at high toxin concentrations. This study clearly shows that co-contamination of food and feed with ZEA metabolites should be taken into consideration, as the co-exposure to mycotoxins might result in stronger adverse effect than resulted from the exposure to individual toxin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.