Trial reportJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2019
Effector and Activated T Cells Induce Preterm Labor and Birth That Is Prevented by Treatment with Progesterone.
Trial report in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for Infection and Inflammation-Induced Preterm Birth: a Preclinical Systematic Review.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023Pooled it
- The role of CD8+ T cells in endometriosis: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Prevention of Preterm Birth by Cervical Pessary Combined with Vaginal Progesterone: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023Pooled it
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific T-Cell Responses Are Impaired During Late Pregnancy With Elevated Biomarkers of Tuberculosis Risk Postpartum.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Fetal T Cell Activation in the Amniotic Cavity during Preterm Labor: A Potential Mechanism for a Subset of Idiopathic Preterm Birth.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Trial
- The Cellular Transcriptome in the Maternal Circulation During Normal Pregnancy: A Longitudinal Study.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Sex Steroid Hormone Regulation of T-Cell Function and Antitumor Immunity.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Review
- Immune cellular homeostasis and its breakdown at the maternal-fetal interface.Trends in immunology · 2026Review
- Cytokine and metabolite networks shape T cell residency and functionality at the term human maternal-fetal interface.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Inflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 prevents murine miscarriage by inducing appropriate inflammation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Butyrate-producing bacteria in pregnancy maintenance: mitigating dysbiosis-induced preterm birth.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- The maternal-fetal interface at single-cell resolution: uncovering the cellular anatomy of the placenta and decidua.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2025Review
- The single-cell immune profile throughout gestation and its potential value for identifying women at risk for spontaneous preterm birth.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2025Review
- Exploring the Role of Lower Genital Tract Microbiota and Cervical-Endometrial Immune Metabolome in Unknown Genesis of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Observational
- Birth Outcomes of Infants Born to Mothers with Alopecia Areata: A Nationwide Population-based Study in Korea.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2025Article
- Preexisting vaccine-primed heterosubtypic T cell immunity protects the maternal-fetal unit from adverse influenza outcomes in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Immunological reference intervals in pregnancy: longitudinal analysis of adaptive lymphocyte subsets.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Predicting Spontaneous Preterm Birth Using the Immunome.Clinics in perinatology · 2024Review
- Decidual macrophage: a reversible role in immunotolerance between mother and fetus during pregnancy.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Review
- Review
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Preterm labor commonly precedes preterm birth, the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Most research has focused on establishing a causal link between innate immune activation and pathological inflammation leading to preterm labor and birth. However, the role of maternal effector/activated T cells in the pathogenesis of preterm labor/birth is poorly understood. In this study, we first demonstrated that effector memory and activated maternal T cells expressing granzyme B and perforin are enriched at the maternal-fetal interface (decidua) of women with spontaneous preterm labor. Next, using a murine model, we reported that prior to inducing preterm birth, in vivo T cell activation caused maternal hypothermia, bradycardia, systemic inflammation, cervical dilation, intra-amniotic inflammation, and fetal growth restriction, all of which are clinical signs associated with preterm labor. In vivo T cell activation also induced B cell cytokine responses, a proinflammatory macrophage polarization, and other inflammatory responses at the maternal-fetal interface and myometrium in the absence of an increased influx of neutrophils. Finally, we showed that treatment with progesterone can serve as a strategy to prevent preterm labor/birth and adverse neonatal outcomes by attenuating the proinflammatory responses at the maternal-fetal interface and cervix induced by T cell activation. Collectively, these findings provide mechanistic evidence showing that effector and activated T cells cause pathological inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface, in the mother, and in the fetus, inducing preterm labor and birth and adverse neonatal outcomes. Such adverse effects can be prevented by treatment with progesterone, a clinically approved strategy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.