Observational studyBritish journal of anaesthesia2019
Association of electroencephalogram trajectories during emergence from anaesthesia with delirium in the postanaesthesia care unit: an early sign of postoperative complications.
Observational study in British journal of anaesthesia, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 92 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Perioperative Multimodal General AnesTHesia Focusing on Specific CNS Targets in Patients Undergoing carDiac surgERies - the PATHFINDER II Study
Electroencephalogram Characteristics of Surgical Anesthetized Patients and Their Correlation With Postoperative Delirium
Effect of Dexmedetomidine-esketamine Combined Nasal Administration on Emergence Delirium in Elderly Patients After Surgery: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial
Extended Emergence Trajectory on Post-Anesthesia Care Units Events in Ambulatory Lower-Extremity Orthopedic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 204 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment and report of individual symptoms in studies of delirium in postoperative populations: a systematic review.Age and ageing · 2024Pooled it
- Intraoperative electroencephalogram patterns as predictors of postoperative delirium in older patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of early postoperative neurocognitive disorders on clinically relevant outcomes: a meta-analysis.Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2023Pooled it
- Investigating how electroencephalogram measures associate with delirium: A systematic review.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of electroencephalography and regional cerebral oxygen saturation monitoring on perioperative neurocognitive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC anesthesiology · 2020Pooled it
- The Impact of Anesthetic Management Under Bispectral Index Monitoring on the Early Recovery Quality of Elderly Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgery: A Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Trial
- Electroencephalographic guided propofol-remifentanil TCI anesthesia with and without dexmedetomidine in a geriatric population: electroencephalographic signatures and clinical evaluation.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2024Trial
- Effect of preoperative patient education and simulated mouth breathing training on opioid requirements in the post-anesthesia care unit after nasal surgery: a randomized controlled study.BMC anesthesiology · 2023Trial
- Effect of raw electroencephalogram-guided anesthesia administration on postoperative outcomes in elderly patients undergoing abdominal major surgery: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2023Trial
- Goal-directed therapy based on rScOTrials · 2022Trial
- Intraoperative Oxygen Concentration and Postoperative Delirium After Laparoscopic Gastric and Colorectal Malignancies Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.Clinical interventions in aging · 2021Trial
- Beyond processed depth targets: frontal EEG patterns, brain vulnerability, and postoperative delirium in older adults.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2026Review
- Study on EEG neural oscillation characteristics during ciprofol general anesthesia.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Observational
- Consensus document on electroencephalography education in anaesthesiology: defining learning outcomes: A modified four-round Delphi study.European journal of anaesthesiology · 2026Article
- Electroencephalographic Monitoring in the Recovery Room for Identification of Patients at Risk for Postoperative Delirium.Anesthesiology · 2026Observational
- Brain monitoring during anesthesia and critical care: a call for research, collaboration, and implementation.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2026Article
- Review
- Impact of Emergence Delirium on Self-reported Postoperative Recovery After Noncardiac Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.Anesthesia and analgesia · 2026Observational
- Electroencephalographic phenotypes of postoperative delirium in the perioperative period.Journal of anesthesia and translational medicine · 2026Review
- The real experience and coping styles of emergence delirium in patients after radical lung cancer surgery: a qualitative study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPostoperative delirium is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, especially in the elderly. Delirium in the postanaesthesia care unit (PACU) could predict adverse clinical outcomes.
methodsWe investigated a potential link between intraoperative EEG patterns and PACU delirium as well as an association of PACU delirium with perioperative outcomes, readmission and length of hospital stay. The risk factors for PACU delirium were also explored. Data were collected from 626 patients receiving general anaesthesia for procedures that would not interfere with frontal EEG recording.
resultsOf the 626 subjects enrolled, 125 tested positive for PACU delirium. Whilst age, renal failure, and pre-existing neurological disease were associated with PACU delirium in the univariable analysis, the multivariable analysis revealed the importance of information derived from the EEG, anaesthetic technique, anaesthesia duration, and history of stroke or neurodegenerative disease. The occurrence of EEG burst suppression during maintenance [odds ratio (OR)=1.86 (1.13-3.05)] and the type of EEG emergence trajectory may be predictive of PACU delirium. Specifically, EEG emergence trajectories lacking significant spindle power were strongly associated with PACU delirium, especially in cases that involved ketamine or nitrous oxide [OR=6.51 (3.00-14.12)]. Additionally, subjects with PACU delirium were at an increased risk for readmission [OR=2.17 (1.13-4.17)] and twice as likely to stay >6 days in the hospital.
conclusionsSpecific EEG patterns were associated with PACU delirium. These findings provide valuable information regarding how the brain reacts to surgery and anaesthesia that may lead to strategies to predict PACU delirium and identify key areas of investigation for its prevention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.