ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2019
Malaria Parasite Density in Individuals with Different Rapid Diagnostic Test Results and Concentrations of HRP2 Antigen.
Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and associated risk factors of asymptomatic malaria in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of Plasmodium falciparum pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletions on malaria control worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2021Pooled it
- Malaria positivity following a single oral dose of azithromycin among children in Burkina Faso: a randomized controlled trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Malaria diagnosis challenges andPathogens and global health · 2024Article
- Sensitivity and specificity for malaria classification of febrile persons by rapid diagnostic test, microscopy, parasite DNA, histidine-rich protein 2, and IgG: Dakar, Senegal 2015.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Article
- Screening strategies and laboratory assays to support Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein deletion surveillance: where we are and what is needed.Malaria journal · 2022Review
- Purification of native histidine-rich protein 2 (nHRP2) from Plasmodium falciparum culture supernatant, infected RBCs, and parasite lysate.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Assessment ofJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2021Article
- Ultra-sensitive RDT performance and antigen dynamics in a high-transmission Plasmodium falciparum setting in Mali.Malaria journal · 2020Article
- Assessing Performance of HRP2 Antigen Detection for Malaria Diagnosis in Mozambique.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Low-density malaria infections are a source of human morbidity in endemic settings and potentially contribute to ongoing malaria transmission. Conventional rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) were designed to detect clinically relevant parasite and antigen levels, but it is largely unknown what proportion of parasite (and antigen positive) infections are missed by conventional RDTs. Furthermore, RDTs can also provide false positives from lingering histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) antigenemia from a past infection. We analyzed 207 samples from Angolan outpatients with a bead-based HRP2 antigen assay and by qRT-PCR for the presence of parasite nucleic acids. Among patients HRP2 positive but negative by conventional RDT, the rate of quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) positivity was 45% (95% CI: 35-56%), with a median parasitemia of 3.4 parasites/µL (interquartile range: 0.14-4.8). Only 15% (7-26%) of HRP2-negative samples were found to have parasite nucleic acids. A substantial proportion of persons with blood HRP2 antigen concentrations not detected by the conventional RDT were found to have evidence of active infection, but at low parasite density levels.
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