ReviewUrolithiasis2019
Hydroxycitrate: a potential new therapy for calcium urolithiasis.
Review in Urolithiasis, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Calcium Phosphate Nephrolithiasis: A Comprehensive Review.Kidney medicine · 2026Review
- Hydroxycitrate is a Unique Inhibitor of Pathologically-Relevant Brushite Crystallization.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Article
- Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects of Calcium Oxalate Crystallization and Renal Lithiasis.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Cell death‑related molecules and targets in the progression of urolithiasis (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Tartronic Acid as a Potential Inhibitor of Pathological Calcium Oxalate Crystallization.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Oxalates: Dietary Oxalates and Kidney Inflammation: A Literature Review.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2024Review
- Unlocking New Approaches to Urolithiasis ManagementCurrent pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2024Review
- Hydroxycitric acid prevents hyperoxaluric-induced nephrolithiasis and oxidative stress via activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2023Article
- Review
- Hydroxycitrate prevents calcium oxalate crystallization and kidney injury in a nephrolithiasis rat model.Urolithiasis · 2022Article
- Osteopontin: An important protein in the formation of kidney stones.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Recent advances on the mechanisms of kidney stone formation (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2021Review
- Human kidney stones: a natural record of universal biomineralization.Nature reviews. Urology · 2021Review
- Do organic substances act as a degradable binding matrix in calcium oxalate kidney stones?BMC urology · 2021Article
- Multiple Pathways for Pathological Calcification in the Human Body.Advanced healthcare materials · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Alkali supplements are used to treat calcium kidney stones owing to their ability to increase urine citrate excretion which lowers stone risk by inhibiting crystallization and complexing calcium. However, alkali increases urine pH, which may reduce effectiveness for patients with calcium phosphate stones and alkaline urine. Hydroxycitrate is a structural analog of citrate, widely available as an over-the-counter supplement for weight reduction. In vitro studies show hydroxycitrate has the capacity to complex calcium equivalent to that of citrate and that it is an effective inhibitor of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystallization. In fact, hydroxycitrate was shown to dissolve calcium oxalate crystals in supersaturated solution in vitro. Hydroxycitrate is not known to be metabolized by humans, so it would not be expected to alter urine pH, as opposed to citrate therapy. Preliminary studies have shown orally ingested hydroxycitrate is excreted in urine, making it an excellent candidate as a stone therapeutic. In this article, we detail the crystal inhibition activity of hydroxycitrate, review the current knowledge of hydroxycitrate use in humans, and identify gaps in knowledge that require appropriate research studies before hydroxycitrate can be recommended as a therapy for kidney stones.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.