ArticleInsect biochemistry and molecular biology2019
Two of the three Transformer-2 genes are required for ovarian development in Aedes albopictus.
Article in Insect biochemistry and molecular biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Characterization, functional exploration, and evolutionary analysis of mirtronic microRNAs reveal their origin in the invasive vector mosquito, Aedes albopictus.Insect science · 2026Article
- Mosquito sex determination: recent advances and applications.Current opinion in insect science · 2025Review
- Using a female-specific isoform ofiScience · 2025Article
- Article
- On the Origin and Evolution of the Mosquito Male-determining Factor Nix.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- The Roles ofInsects · 2023Article
- Mosquito densovirus significantly reduces the vector susceptibility to dengue virus serotype 2 in Aedes albopictus mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae).Infectious diseases of poverty · 2023Article
- Aal-circRNA-407 regulates ovarian development of Aedes albopictus, a major arbovirus vector, via the miR-9a-5p/Foxl axis.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- When does the female bias arise? Insights from the sex determination cascade of a flea beetle with a strongly skewed sex ratio.Functional & integrative genomics · 2023Article
- Transformer 2β regulates the alternative splicing of cell cycle regulatory genes to promote the malignant phenotype of ovarian cancer.Oncology research · 2023Article
- Selective targeting of biting females to control mosquito-borne infectious diseases.Trends in parasitology · 2022Review
- Transgenic expression of Nix converts genetic females into males and allows automated sex sorting in Aedes albopictus.Communications biology · 2022Article
- femaleless Controls Sex Determination and Dosage Compensation Pathways in Females of Anopheles Mosquitoes.Current biology : CB · 2021Article
- Identification and Functional Analysis of the Sex-DeterminerFrontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Female-to-male sex conversion in Ceratitis capitata by CRISPR/Cas9 HDR-induced point mutations in the sex determination gene transformer-2.Scientific reports · 2020Article
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Abstract
In Drosophila melanogaster, transformer-2 (tra2) plays an essential role in the sex-specific splicing of doublesex (dsx) and fruitless (fru), two key transcription factor genes that program sexual differentiation and regulate sexual behavior. In the present study, the sequences and expression profiles of three tra2 (Aalbtra2) genes in the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Ae. albopictus) were characterized. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these paralogs resulted from two duplication events. The first occurred in the common ancestor of Culicidae, giving rise to the tra2-α and tra2-β clades that are found across divergent mosquito genera, including Aedes, Culex, and Anopheles. The second occurred within the tra2-α clade, giving rise to tra2-γ in Ae. albopictus. In addition to the conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), arginine-rich/serine-rich regions (RS domains) and a linker region, a glycine-rich region located between the RRM and RS2 was observed in Tra2-α and Tra2-γ of Ae. albopictus that has not yet been described in the Tra2 proteins of dipteran insects. Quantitative real-time PCR detected relatively high levels of transcripts from all three tra2 paralogs in 0-2 h embryos, suggesting maternal deposition of these transcripts. All three Aalbtra2 genes were highly expressed in the ovary, while Aalbtra2-β was also highly expressed in the testis. RNAi-mediated knockdown of any or all Aalbtra2 genes did not result in an obvious switch of the sex-specificity in dsx and fru splicing in the whole-body samples. However, knockdown of transcripts from all three tra2 genes significantly reduced the female isoform of dsx mRNA and increased the male isoform of the dsx mRNA in both the ovary and the fat body in adult females. Furthermore, knockdown of either Aalbtra2-α or Aalbtra2-γ or all three Aalbtra2 led to a decrease in ovariole number and ovary size after a blood meal. Taken together, these results indicate that two of the three tra2 genes affect female ovarian development.
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