ReviewJournal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics2019
Understanding drug-drug interaction and pharmacogenomic changes in pharmacokinetics for metabolized drugs.
Review in Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Intestinal Efflux Transporters P-gp and BCRP Are Not Clinically Relevant in Apixaban Disposition.Pharmaceutical research · 2020Pooled it
- Interactions between long-acting antiretrovirals and opioids: a call for clinical awareness.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Repurposing Imeglimin for Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Impairment: Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Toxicity Profiling andToxins · 2025Article
- Study on the Excretion of a New Antihypertensive Drug 221s (2,9) in Rats.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Roles of Exosomes in Anti-Cancer Drugs.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- Exploring the preparedness of hospital pharmacists practising in Southwest London for implementing pharmacogenomics testing.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2024Article
- Assessments of CYP‑inhibition‑based drug-drug interaction between vonoprazan and poziotinibPharmaceutical biology · 2023Article
- Potential pharmacological confounders in the setting of death determined by neurologic criteria: a narrative review.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2023Review
- 2',3',4'-Trihydroxychalcone changes estrogen receptor α regulation of genes and breast cancer cell proliferation by a reprogramming mechanism.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2022Article
- Analyzing Potential Intestinal Transporter Drug-Drug Interactions: Reevaluating Ticagrelor Interaction Studies.Pharmaceutical research · 2021Article
- Effects of Single Dose Rifampin on the Pharmacokinetics of Fluvastatin in Healthy Volunteers.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2021Article
- The Necessity of Using Changes in Absorption Time to Implicate Intestinal Transporter Involvement in Oral Drug-Drug Interactions.The AAPS journal · 2020Article
- A Simple Methodology to Differentiate Changes in Bioavailability From Changes in Clearance Following Oral Dosing of Metabolized Drugs.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2020Article
- Challenging the Relevance of Unbound Tissue-to-Blood Partition Coefficient (KpPharmaceutical research · 2020Article
- How Transporters Have Changed Basic Pharmacokinetic Understanding.The AAPS journal · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Here we characterize and summarize the pharmacokinetic changes for metabolized drugs when drug-drug interactions and pharmacogenomic variance are observed. Following multiple dosing to steady-state, oral systemic concentration-time curves appear to follow a one-compartment body model, with a shorter rate limiting half-life, often significantly shorter than the single dose terminal half-life. This simplified disposition model at steady-state allows comparisons of measurable parameters (i.e., area under the curve, half-life, maximum concentration and time to maximum concentration) following drug interaction or pharmacogenomic variant studies to be utilized to characterize whether a drug is low versus high hepatic extraction ratio, even without intravenous dosing. The characteristics of drugs based on the ratios of area under the curve, maximum concentration and half-life are identified with recognition that volume of distribution is essentially unchanged for drug interaction and pharmacogenomic variant studies where only metabolic outcomes are changed and transporters are not significantly involved. Comparison of maximum concentration changes following single dose interaction and pharmacogenomic variance studies may also identify the significance of intestinal first pass changes. The irrelevance of protein binding changes on pharmacodynamic outcomes following oral and intravenous dosing of low hepatic extraction ratio drugs, versus its relevance for high hepatic extraction ratio drugs is re-emphasized.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.