Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30911500›Full record

ArticleJournal of family medicine and primary care2019

Smoking habits and attitude toward smoking cessation interventions among healthcare professionals in Pakistan.

Madeeha Malik, Danyal Javed, Azhar Hussain, Ekere James Essien

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of family medicine and primary care, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 37% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Madeeha MalikDepartment of Pharmacy, Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Danyal JavedDepartment of Pharmacy, Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Azhar HussainDepartment of Pharmacy, Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Ekere James EssienDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Administration, Texas Medical Center, University of Houston, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Community Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Hamdard University · PKUniversity of Houston · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTobacco smoking is considered as the second main cause of increased mortality rate and one of the major preventable causes of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases worldwide. Although the damages caused by smoking are known, the prevalence of smoking is increasing among healthcare professionals (HCPs). Increased smoking rates among HCPs may compromise the ability to effectively counsel patients who are addicted to smoking. The purpose of this study was to assess the smoking habits and attitude toward smoking cessation interventions among HCPs in Pakistan.

methodsA descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. A prevalidated semi-structured question developed by the University of Arizona was used. The sample size was calculated to be 382 with 95% confidence interval and 5% level of error. Data were cleaned, coded, and analyzed statistically using SPSS 21. Chi-square test (

resultsThe results of the study showed that a majority of the HCPs were smokers (57.6%,

conclusionThe study concluded that a majority of the HCPs in twin cities were smokers and smoke more than five cigarettes a day. Training programs should be designed and implemented for HCPs to reduce the rate of tobacco smoking.

Indexed as

Healthcare professionalsPakistansmoking

Identifiers

PMID30911500
PMCPMC6396595
OpenAlexW2912360144

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.