ArticleNature medicine2019
Immune signature drives leukemia escape and relapse after hematopoietic cell transplantation.
Article in Nature medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 260 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
260 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 395 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of adding decitabine to conditioning regimen for patients with acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of hematology · 2025Pooled it
- Hypomethylating Agents and FLT3 Inhibitors As Maintenance Treatment for Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2021Pooled it
- Rosuvastatin enhances the efficacy of venetoclax-azacitidine in older acute myeloid leukemia patients via reducing T-cell exhaustion.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Trial
- A phase II study of chidamide, cytarabine, aclarubicin, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and donor lymphocyte infusion for relapsed acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Trial
- Azacitidine-induced reconstitution of the bone marrow T cell repertoire is associated with superior survival in AML patients.Blood cancer journal · 2022Trial
- The landscape of gene co-expression modules correlating with prognostic genetic abnormalities in AML.Journal of translational medicine · 2021Trial
- Synergistic immune interactions between T cells and natural killer cells in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukaemia: current status and future directions.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- When MRD Is Not MRD: A Context-Dependent Interpretation in Clinical Decision-Making.European journal of haematology · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoints in Leukaemia as Gatekeepers of Immuno-Modulation.Immunology · 2026Review
- Pediatric AML CAR T cell therapy.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Review
- Review
- Therapy induced senescence promotes immunogenicity in acute myeloid Leukemia through reduced EZH2 activity.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of post-transplant AML relapse and therapeutic implications.Bone marrow transplantation · 2026Article
- Article
- Bispecific Antibodies for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: From Bone Marrow Immune Niche to Clinical Translation.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Single cell multi-omics enables high-resolution identification and functional purification of human acute myeloid leukemia stem cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Maintenance Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Current Perspectives and Future Directions.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Azacytidine restores T cell function in AML by modulating DNA methylation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mutational landscape changes of AML in patients relapsing after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.Bone marrow transplantation · 2026Article
- Article
200 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
43 authors at 10 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transplantation of hematopoietic cells from a healthy individual (allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT)) demonstrates that adoptive immunotherapy can cure blood cancers: still, post-transplantation relapses remain frequent. To explain their drivers, we analyzed the genomic and gene expression profiles of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts purified from patients at serial time-points during their disease history. We identified a transcriptional signature specific for post-transplantation relapses and highly enriched in immune-related processes, including T cell costimulation and antigen presentation. In two independent patient cohorts we confirmed the deregulation of multiple costimulatory ligands on AML blasts at post-transplantation relapse (PD-L1, B7-H3, CD80, PVRL2), mirrored by concomitant changes in circulating donor T cells. Likewise, we documented the frequent loss of surface expression of HLA-DR, -DQ and -DP on leukemia cells, due to downregulation of the HLA class II regulator CIITA. We show that loss of HLA class II expression and upregulation of inhibitory checkpoint molecules represent alternative modalities to abolish AML recognition from donor-derived T cells, and can be counteracted by interferon-γ or checkpoint blockade, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the deregulation of pathways involved in T cell-mediated allorecognition is a distinctive feature and driver of AML relapses after allo-HCT, which can be rapidly translated into personalized therapies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.