ArticlePloS one2019
Suppression of Natural Killer cell NKG2D and CD226 anti-tumour cascades by platelet cloaked cancer cells: Implications for the metastatic cascade.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- The molecular mechanisms of platelets in tumor invasion and metastasis: a controversial role.Cancer biology & therapy · 2026Review
- Towards liquid biopsy-based analysis of antitumour immunity.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Platelets as regulators of anti-tumor immunity: mechanisms and clinical implications.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- Platelets as regulators of cancer immunity: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Beyond Hemostasis: Platelets' Multifaceted Functions in Immune Responses.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Interactions Between Circulating Tumor Cells and the Immune System in Colorectal Cancer: Friends or Foes?Cancers · 2026Review
- Hemostasis at the edge between physiology and cancer.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Review
- Progress in cell-based immunotherapies for solid tumors.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Platelets in the tumor microenvironment: potential mediators of immune exclusion and resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- The PVR-TIGIT/CD96/CD226 axis: a novel immune checkpoint target in ovarian cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Phenotypic Alterations of CD8+ and CD8- CD56+ NK Cell Subsets in Moderate and Severe COVID-19 Disease.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Circulating tumor cells: mechanisms and clinical significance in colorectal cancer metastasis.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Review
- Surfaceome: a new era in the discovery of immune evasion mechanisms of circulating tumor cells.Molecular oncology · 2025Review
- The role of platelets in cancer: from their influence on tumor progression to their potential use in liquid biopsy.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- PD-L1 positive platelets mediate resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with colorectal cancer.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cell therapy for solid tumors: mechanisms, clinical progress, and strategies to overcome the tumor microenvironment.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Emerging Paradigms in Cancer Metastasis: Ghost Mitochondria, Vasculogenic Mimicry, and Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells.Cancers · 2024Review
- CAR-T and CAR-NK as cellular cancer immunotherapy for solid tumors.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumour cell immune evasion is a principal hallmark of successful metastasis. Tumour cells in the vasculature adopt a platelet cloak that efficiently suppresses the innate immune system by directly inhibiting Natural Killer (NK) cells, which normally function to neutralise spreading cancers. Here we describe two novel mechanisms of tumour cell evasion of NK cell anti-tumour functions. The first, an 'immune decoy' mechanism in which platelets induce the release of soluble NKG2D ligands from the tumour cell to mask detection and actively suppress NK cell degranulation and inflammatory cytokine (IFNγ) production, concomitantly. This represents a double-hit to immune clearance of malignant cells during metastasis. The second mechanism, a platelet-derived TGFβ-mediated suppression of the CD226/CD96-CD112/CD155 axis, is a novel pathway with poorly understood anti-cancer functions. We have demonstrated that platelets robustly suppress surface expression of CD226 and CD96 on the NK cell surface and their associated ligands on the tumour cell to further enhance NK cell suppression. These highly evolved mechanisms promote successful tumour immune evasion during metastasis and provide a unique opportunity for studying the complexity of cellular interactions in the metastatic cascade and thus novel targets for cancer immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.