Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30907864›Full record

ArticleOptometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry2019

Central Macular Thickness in Diabetic Patients: A Sex-based Analysis.

Edmund Arthur, Stuart B Young, Ann E Elsner, Karthikeyan Baskaran, Joel A Papay, Matthew S Muller, Thomas J Gast, Bryan P Haggerty, Christopher A Clark, Victor E Malinovsky and 4 more

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Review
  4. Photoreceptor layer elevation due to subretinal fluid: Impact on visual acuity measurements and simulation from biometrics.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Imaging the Retinal Vasculature.Annual review of vision science · 2021
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Edmund ArthurSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.
Stuart B YoungBowersox Vision Center, Shelbyville, Kentucky.
Ann E Elsner
Karthikeyan BaskaranDepartment of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
Joel A PapaySchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.
Matthew S MullerAeon Imaging, LLC, Bloomington, Indiana.
Thomas J GastSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.
Bryan P HaggertySchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.
Christopher A ClarkSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.
Victor E MalinovskySchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.
Shane G BrahmPeter Christensen Health Center, Lac Du Flambeau, Wisconsin.
Taras V LitvinDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Glen Y OzawaSchool of Optometry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
Jorge A CuadrosSchool of Optometry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California.

Funding

System for Increasing Patient Access to Eye Exams for Diabetic RetinopathyR44EY020017 · NEI · AEON IMAGING, LLC · PI MULLER, MATTHEW S · 2009 to 2013
$3.2M
NEI NIH HHS R44 EY020017
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

significanceThe pathological changes in clinically significant diabetic macular edema lead to greater retinal thickening in men than in women. Therefore, male sex should be considered a potential risk factor for identifying individuals with the most severe pathological changes. Understanding this excessive retinal thickening in men may help preserve vision. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the sex differences in retinal thickness in diabetic patients. We tested whether men with clinically significant macular edema had even greater central macular thickness than expected from sex differences without significant pathological changes. This study also aimed to determine which retinal layers contribute to abnormal retinal thickness.

methodsFrom 2047 underserved adult diabetic patients from Alameda County, CA, 142 patients with clinically significant macular edema were identified by EyePACS-certified graders using color fundus images (Canon CR6-45NM). First, central macular thickness from spectral domain optical coherence tomography (iVue; Optovue Inc.) was compared in 21 men versus 21 women without clinically significant macular edema. Then, a planned comparison contrasted the greater values of central macular thickness in men versus women with clinically significant macular edema as compared with those without. Mean retinal thickness and variability of central macular layers were compared in men versus women.

resultsMen without clinically significant macular edema had a 12-μm greater central macular thickness than did women (245 ± 21.3 and 233 ± 13.4 μm, respectively; t40 = -2.18, P = .04). Men with clinically significant macular edema had a 67-μm greater central macular thickness than did women (383 ± 48.7 and 316 ± 60.4 μm, P < .001); that is, men had 55 μm or more than five times more (t20 = 2.35, P = .02). In men, the outer-nuclear-layer thickness was more variable, F10,10 = 9.34.

conclusionsUnderserved diabetic men had thicker retinas than did women, exacerbated by clinically significant macular edema.

Indexed as

AdultAgedDiabetes MellitusDiabetic RetinopathyFemaleFundus OculiHumansMacular EdemaMaleMiddle AgedOrgan SizeRetinaSex FactorsTomography, Optical Coherence

Identifiers

PMID30907864
PMCPMC6445750

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.