Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30907616›Full record

ReviewBehavioral neuroscience2019

Occasion setting.

Kurt M Fraser, Peter C Holland

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Behavioral neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Cigarette Smoke Extract and Nicotine Evoke Similar Interoceptive Effects in a Pavlovian Occasion Setting Task in Male and Female Sprague-Dawley Rats.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Lasting effects of oral contraceptives on fear responses to a safe context.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. The inside story: Interoceptive Pavlovian conditioning with the nicotine stimulus.Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition · 2025
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Context and Time Regulate Fear Memory Consolidation and Reconsolidation in the Basolateral Amygdala Complex.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Kurt M FraserDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences.ORCID 0000-0002-2988-7683
Peter C HollandDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences.

Funding

The role of the basolateral amygdala in occasion settingF31DA046136 · NIDA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FRASER, KURT MICHAEL · 2019 to 2020
$88k
National Institute on Drug AbuseNational Institutes of HealthNational Science FoundationNIDA NIH HHS F31 DA046136
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Occasion setting refers to the ability of 1 stimulus, an occasion setter, to modulate the efficacy of the association between another, conditioned stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US) or reinforcer. Occasion setters and simple CSs are readily distinguished. For example, occasion setters are relatively immune to extinction and counterconditioning, and their combination and transfer functions differ substantially from those of simple CSs. Similarly, the acquisition of occasion setting is favored when stimuli are separated by longer intervals, by empty trace intervals, and are of different modalities, whereas the opposite conditions typically favor the acquisition of simple associations. Furthermore, the simple conditioning and occasion setting properties of a single stimulus can be independent, for example, that stimulus may simultaneously predict the occurrence of a reinforcer and indicate that another stimulus will not be reinforced. Many behavioral phenomena that are intractable to simple associative analysis are better understood within an occasion setting framework. Besides capturing the distinction between direct and modulatory control common to many arenas in neuroscience, occasion setting provides a model for the hierarchical organization of memory for events and event relations, and for contextual control more broadly. Although early lesion studies further differentiated between occasion setting and simple conditioning functions, little is known about the neurobiology of occasion setting. Modern techniques for precise manipulation and monitoring of neuronal activity in multiple brain regions are ideally suited for disentangling contributions of simple conditioning and occasion setting in associative learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Indexed as

Association LearningConditioning, PsychologicalDiscrimination LearningAnimalsBasolateral Nuclear ComplexBrainCuesExtinction, PsychologicalHumansModels, NeurologicalModels, PsychologicalMotivationNeural PathwaysNucleus AccumbensPrefrontal CortexTransfer, Psychology

Identifiers

PMID30907616
PMCPMC6447318

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.