ReviewOncoimmunology
Making cold malignant pleural effusions hot: driving novel immunotherapies.
Review in Oncoimmunology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intracavitary perfusion with bevacizumab plus cisplatin versus cisplatin alone for malignant pleural effusion in lung cancer patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Novel and Future Treatment Options in Mesothelioma: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- The investigation of the volatile metabolites of lung cancer from the microenvironment of malignant pleural effusion.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Development and validation of a novel scoring system developed from a nomogram to identify malignant pleural effusion.EBioMedicine · 2020Trial
- Prognostic nomogram for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer in the immunotherapy era: a multicenter study of first-line platinum-etoposide with or without a PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- Unraveling the multidimensional pleural ecosystem of lung cancer-associated malignant pleural effusion.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Intrapleural anti-PD-1 antibody for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion: a prospective, single-arm, single-center, phase I trial.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Chemoradiotherapy-Integrated Tumor Cell-Derived Microparticles Mediate Tumor Eradication in Malignant Pleural Effusion.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Immunodynamic changes in a mouse model of malignant pleural effusion.Laboratory animal research · 2026Article
- Pathobiology and clinical significance of malignant pleural effusions.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Integrating pleural PD-1Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of malignant pleural effusion and peripheral blood reveals unique T cell signatures associated with survival in mesothelioma patients.Oxford open immunology · 2026Article
- Inhibitor of DNA binding 1 in lung cancer and the tumor microenvironment: a testable hypothesis for malignant pleural effusion formation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Effects of small extracellular vesicles isolated from pleural effusion on lung cancer cell proliferation and migration.Human cell · 2025Article
- Intracavitary infusion of FOLactis Lactobacillus leads to disappearance of MPE in patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- H3K18 lactylation in cancer-associated fibroblasts drives malignant pleural effusion progression via TNFR2Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Article
- The Tumor Environment in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis and Malignant Pleural Effusions: Implications for Therapy.Cancers · 2025Review
- [Research Progress on Local Treatment of Malignant Pleural Effusion].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2025Review
- Intrapleural dual blockade of IL-6 and PD-L1 reprograms CAF dynamics and the tumor microenvironment in lung cancer-associated malignant pleural effusion.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Development of a Novel Anti-Siglec-15 Antibody for Tumor Immunotherapy.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Malignant pleural effusions, arising from either primary mesotheliomas or secondary malignancies, heralds advanced disease and poor prognosis. Current treatments, including therapeutic thoracentesis and tube thoracostomy, are largely palliative. The immunosuppressive environment within the pleural cavity includes myeloid derived suppressor cells, T-regulatory cells, and dysfunctional T cells. The advent of effective immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapies for lung cancer and other malignancies suggests a renewed examination of local and systemic therapies for this malady. Prior strategies reporting remarkable success, including instillation of the cytokine interleukin-2, perhaps coupled with checkpoint inhibitors, should be further evaluated in the modern era.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.