Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30905862›Full record

ArticleActa biomaterialia2019

Fabrication and mechanical characterization of 3D printed vertical uniform and gradient scaffolds for bone and osteochondral tissue engineering.

Sean M Bittner, Brandon T Smith, Luis Diaz-Gomez, Carrigan D Hudgins, Anthony J Melchiorri, David W Scott, John P Fisher, Antonios G Mikos

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Acta biomaterialia, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
90citing papers in PubMed
13.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

90 citing papers in PubMed, 239 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. A Tissue Engineering's Guide to Biomimicry.Macromolecular bioscience · 2025
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30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Sean M BittnerDepartment of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, USA.
Brandon T SmithDepartment of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Luis Diaz-GomezDepartment of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, USA.
Carrigan D HudginsDepartment of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, USA.
Anthony J MelchiorriDepartment of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, USA.
David W ScottDepartment of Statistics, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
John P FisherNIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, USA; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Antonios G MikosDepartment of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Biomaterials Lab, Rice University, 6500 Main Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; NIH/NIBIB Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, USA. Electronic address: mikos@rice.edu.
Rice University · USBaylor College of Medicine · USNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering · US

Funding

Training and Dissemination CoreP41EB023833 · NIBIB · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI MIKOS, ANTONIOS G. · 2017 to 2021
$6.2M
In Situ Hardening Cell-Laden Constructs for Osteochondral Tissue EngineeringR01AR068073 · NIAMS · RICE UNIVERSITY · PI MIKOS, ANTONIOS G. · 2015 to 2019
$1.7M
Rapidly-Degrading Calcium Phosphate Cements for Orthopedic Tissue Engineering.F30AR071258 · NIAMS · RICE UNIVERSITY · PI SMITH, BRANDON · 2017 to 2020
$168k
"A Two-Stage High-Fidelity, Anti-Infective Approach to Craniofacial Repair in Novel Ovine Model"F31DE027586 · NIDCR · RICE UNIVERSITY · PI WATSON, EMMA · 2017 to 2019
$134k
NIAMS NIH HHS F30 AR071258NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR068073NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB023833NIDCR NIH HHS F31 DE027586
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent developments in 3D printing (3DP) research have led to a variety of scaffold designs and techniques for osteochondral tissue engineering; however, the simultaneous incorporation of multiple types of gradients within the same construct remains a challenge. Herein, we describe the fabrication and mechanical characterization of porous poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and PCL-hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds with incorporated vertical porosity and ceramic content gradients via a multimaterial extrusion 3DP system. Scaffolds of 0 wt% HA (PCL), 15 wt% HA (HA15), or 30 wt% HA (HA30) were fabricated with uniform composition and porosity (using 0.2 mm, 0.5 mm, or 0.9 mm on-center fiber spacing), uniform composition and gradient porosity, and gradient composition (PCL-HA15-HA30) and porosity. Micro-CT imaging and porosity analysis demonstrated the ability to incorporate both vertical porosity and pore size gradients and a ceramic gradient, which collectively recapitulate gradients found in native osteochondral tissues. Uniaxial compression testing demonstrated an inverse relationship between porosity, ϕ, and compressive modulus, E, and yield stress, σ

Indexed as

Bone and BonesMaterials TestingPrinting, Three-DimensionalTissue EngineeringAnimalsBiocompatible MaterialsDurapatiteHumansPolyestersTissue ScaffoldsBiocompatible MaterialsDurapatitepolycaprolactonePolyesters3D printingGradientPorous scaffoldTissue engineering

Identifiers

PMID30905862
PMCPMC6744258
OpenAlexW2923711003

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.