ArticleClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association2019
Alterations in Skin Microbiomes of Patients With Cirrhosis.
Article in Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictive value of serum bile acids as metabolite biomarkers for liver cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2022Pooled it
- Gut Microbiota Mitigates Chronic Itch and Cutaneous Inflammation in DNFB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis Mice.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Article
- Using a full thickness bioengineered human skin equivalent as a model for radiation biology research.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Loss of Cutibacterium is responsible for chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus in patients on dialysis.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2025Article
- Effects of entecavir and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate on the incidence and severity of COVID-19 in patients with chronic hepatitis B.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- A Catastrophic Biodiversity Loss in the Environment Is Being Replicated on the Skin Microbiome: Is This a Major Contributor to the Chronic Disease Epidemic?Microorganisms · 2023Article
- An Altered Skin and Gut Microbiota Are Involved in the Modulation of Itch in Atopic Dermatitis.Cells · 2022Review
- Stool microbiota are superior to saliva in distinguishing cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy using machine learning.Journal of hepatology · 2022Article
- [Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of end-stage liver disease complicated infection (2021 version)].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2022Article
- Skin microbiota signature distinguishes IBD patients and reflects skin adverse events during anti-TNF therapy.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Review
- MRGPRX4 in Cholestatic Pruritus.Seminars in liver disease · 2021Review
- THE SKIN MICROBIOTA AND ITCH: Is There a Link?The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2020Review
- The Skin Microbiota and Itch: Is There a Link?Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsPatients with cirrhosis have intestinal dysbiosis and are prone to itching and skin or soft-tissue infections. The skin microbiome, and its relationship with intestinal microbiome, have not been characterized. We investigated alterations in skin microbiota of patients with cirrhosis and their association with intestinal microbiota and modulators of itch.
methodsWe collected skin swabs at 7 sites and blood and stool samples from 20 healthy individuals (control subjects; mean age, 59 years) and 50 patients with cirrhosis (mean age, 61 years; mean model for end-stage disease score, 12; 20 with decompensation). Skin and stool samples were analyzed by 16s rRNA sequencing and serum samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry for levels of bile acids (BAs) and by an ELISA for autotaxin (an itch modulator). Participants were analyzed by the visual analog itch scale (VAS, 0-10,10 = maximum intensity). Data were compared between groups (cirrhosis vs control subjects, with vs without decompensation, VAS 5 or higher vs less than 5). Correlation networks between serum levels of BAs and skin microbiomes were compared between patients with cirrhosis with vs without itching.
resultsThe composition of microbiomes at all skin sites differed between control subjects and patients with cirrhosis and between patients with compensated vs decompensated cirrhosis. Skin microbiomes of patients with cirrhosis (especially those with decompensation) contained a higher relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria, Streptococaceae, and Staphylococcaceae, and fecal microbiomes contained a higher relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria, than control subjects. These bacterial taxa were associated with serum levels of autotaxin and BAs, which were higher in patients with VAS scores ≥5. Based on network statistics, microbial and BA interactions at all sites were more complex in patients with greater levels of itching in the shin, the most common site of itch.
conclusionsWe identified alterations in skin microbiome of patients with cirrhosis (in Gammaproteobacteria, Streptococcaceae, and Staphylococcaceae)-especially in patients with decompensation; fecal microbiomes of patients with cirrhosis had a higher relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria than control subjects. These specific microbial taxa are associated with itching intensity and itch modulators, such as serum levels of BAs and autotaxin.
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