Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30903395›Full record

ArticleDrug delivery and translational research2019

Effect of formulation parameters on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of diclofenac nanomedicine.

Dhanya Narayanan, Gopikrishna J Pillai, Shantikumar V Nair, Deepthy Menon

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Article in Drug delivery and translational research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Dhanya NarayananCentre for Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Viswavidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.
Gopikrishna J PillaiCentre for Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Viswavidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.
Shantikumar V NairCentre for Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Viswavidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India. shantinair@aims.amrita.edu.
Deepthy MenonCentre for Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Viswavidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India. deepthymenon@aims.amrita.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study reports the development of a nanoformulation of diclofenac sodium, a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, at its clinical dose, utilizing a FDA approved polymer, hydroxyethyl starch. The study specifically focused on the control of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and biodistribution by particle surface functionalization and alteration of excipient levels in the final formulation. Stable diclofenac sodium-loaded hydroxyethyl starch nanoparticles (nanodiclo) of size 170 ± 5 nm and entrapment efficiency 72 ± 3% were prepared. Free diclofenac, nanodiclo, nanodiclo surface functionalized by PEGylation, nanodiclo with excipients removed, and finally PEGylated nanodiclo with excipients removed were all tested comparatively at two different doses. The results showed substantial impact of both excipients and PEGylation on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in vivo. Further, the results proved that excipient removed PEGylated nanodiclo at lower dose achieved clinical therapeutic levels in blood for up to 120 h, with minimal accumulation in critical organs, and much better efficacy than other controls.

Indexed as

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalDiclofenacNanoparticlesAnimalsCarrageenanCell SurvivalDrug CompoundingDrug LiberationEdemaHumansLymphocytesMiceNanomedicineRats, Sprague-DawleyRAW 264.7 CellsTissue DistributionAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalCarrageenanDiclofenacDiclofenac sodiumExcipientsHydroxyethyl starch nanoparticlesPharmacodynamicsPharmacokinetics

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.