Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30903001›Full record

ArticleMolecular psychiatry2019

Altered serotonergic circuitry in SSRI-resistant major depressive disorder patient-derived neurons.

Krishna C Vadodaria, Yuan Ji, Michelle Skime, Apua C Paquola, Timothy Nelson, Daniel Hall-Flavin, Kelly J Heard, Callie Fredlender, Yalin Deng, James Elkins and 5 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Mental health dished up-the use of iPSC models in neuropsychiatric research.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2020
    Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Review
  5. Functional precision psychiatry: iPSC-derived neurons as predictive assays for antidepressant response.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Article
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  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
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  12. Article
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  14. Article
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  16. Article
  17. Lurasidone response in bipolar type I depression with childhood trauma exposure.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Observational
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Krishna C VadodariaLaboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Yuan JiUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Michelle SkimeDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Apua C PaquolaLaboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Timothy NelsonDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Daniel Hall-FlavinDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Kelly J HeardLaboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Callie FredlenderLaboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Yalin DengLaboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, USA.
James ElkinsLaboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Komal DaniLaboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Amy T LeLaboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Maria C MarchettoLaboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Richard WeinshilboumDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Fred H GageLaboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, USA. gage@salk.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0938-4106
Salk Institute for Biological Studies · USMayo Clinic · US

Funding

Mayo Clinic Center for Translational Science ActivitiesUL1TR000135 · NCATS · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI KHOSLA, SUNDEEP · 2012 to 2015
$41.2M
Pharmacogenetics of Phase II Drug Metabolizing EnzymesU19GM061388 · NIGMS · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI WEINSHILBOUM, RICHARD M. · 2010 to 2014
$15.8M
INHERITED VARIATIONS IN DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYMESR01GM028157 · NIGMS · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI WEINSHILBOUM, RICHARD M. · 1985 to 2019
$6.9M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000135NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM028157NIGMS NIH HHS U19 GM061388
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Disrupted serotonergic neurotransmission has long been implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD), for which selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first line of treatment. However, a significant percentage of patients remain SSRI-resistant and it is unclear whether and how alterations in serotonergic neurons contribute to SSRI resistance in these patients. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) facilitate the study of patient-specific neural subtypes that are typically inaccessible in living patients, enabling the discovery of disease-related phenotypes. In our study of a well-characterized cohort of over 800 MDD patients, we generated iPSCs and serotonergic neurons from three extreme SSRI-remitters (R) and SSRI-nonremitters (NR). We studied serotonin (5-HT) biochemistry and observed no significant differences in 5-HT release and reuptake or in genes related to 5-HT biochemistry. NR patient-derived serotonergic neurons exhibited altered neurite growth and morphology downstream of lowered expression of key Protocadherin alpha genes as compared to healthy controls and Rs. Furthermore, knockdown of Protocadherin alpha genes directly regulated iPSC-derived neurite length and morphology. Our results suggest that intrinsic differences in serotonergic neuron morphology and the resulting circuitry may contribute to SSRI resistance in MDD patients.

Indexed as

AdultAntidepressive AgentsCohort StudiesDepressive Disorder, Treatment-ResistantFemaleHumansInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsMajor Depressive DisorderMiddle AgedNeuronsSelective Serotonin Reuptake InhibitorsSerotonergic NeuronsSerotoninSynaptic TransmissionAntidepressive AgentsSelective Serotonin Reuptake InhibitorsSerotonin

Identifiers

PMID30903001
PMCPMC7409972
OpenAlexW2924802475

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.