ArticleMilitary medicine2019
Combat-Related Extremity Wounds: Injury Factors Predicting Early Onset Infections.
Article in Military medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiology and Outcomes of Battlefield-Related Penetrating and Closed Traumatic Brain Injuries Compared to Non-Head Injuries: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Military medicine · 2026Article
- Ballistic limb trauma: lessons from a decade of french civilian and military experience.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026Article
- Early Factors Related to Healthcare Utilization by Infection Status among Combat Injured.Military medicine · 2026Article
- Long-term results of treatment of Gustilo-Anderson type 3A-B tibia fractures due to combat-related high-energy ballistic injuries treated with external circular fixator: Experience of the Military Medical Academy.Joint diseases and related surgery · 2024Article
- Seasonality of Microbiology of Combat-Related Wounds and Wound Infections in Afghanistan.Military medicine · 2023Article
- Does prophylactic local tobramycin injection lower open fracture infection rates?OTA international : the open access journal of orthopaedic trauma · 2022Article
- Prognostic Value of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score in Critically-Ill Combat-Injured Patients.Journal of intensive care medicine · 2022Article
- Metagenomic features of bioburden serve as outcome indicators in combat extremity wounds.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Identification of risk factors for surgical site infection after type II and type III tibial pilon fracture surgery.World journal of clinical cases · 2022Article
- IDCRP Combat-Related Extremity Wound Infection Research.Military medicine · 2022Review
- IDCRP Trauma-Related Infection Research.Military medicine · 2022Article
- Blast Waves Cause Immune System Dysfunction and Transient Bone Marrow Failure in a Mouse Model.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Effect of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Training Program in Orthopedic Nursing of Patients with Residual Limb Injury Caused by Crush.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2022Article
- Semimechanistic Modeling of the Effects of Blast Overpressure Exposure on Cefazolin Pharmacokinetics in Mice.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We examined risk factors for combat-related extremity wound infections (CEWI) among U.S. military patients injured in Iraq and Afghanistan (2009-2012). Patients with ≥1 combat-related, open extremity wound admitted to a participating U.S. hospital (≤7 days postinjury) were retrospectively assessed. The population was classified based upon most severe injury (amputation, open fracture without amputation, or open soft-tissue injury defined as non-fracture/non-amputation wounds). Among 1271 eligible patients, 395 (31%) patients had ≥1 amputation, 457 (36%) had open fractures, and 419 (33%) had open soft-tissue wounds as their most severe injury, respectively. Among patients with traumatic amputations, 100 (47%) developed a CEWI compared to 66 (14%) and 12 (3%) patients with open fractures and open soft-tissue wounds, respectively. In a Cox proportional hazard analysis restricted to CEWIs ≤30 days postinjury among the traumatic amputation and open fracture groups, sustaining an amputation (hazard ratio: 1.79; 95% confidence interval: 1.25-2.56), blood transfusion ≤24 hours postinjury, improvised explosive device blast, first documented shock index ≥0.80, and >4 injury sites were independently associated with CEWI risk. The presence of a non-extremity infection at least 4 days prior to a CEWI diagnosis was associated with lower CEWI risk, suggesting impact of recent exposure to directed antimicrobial therapy. Further assessment of early clinical management will help to elucidate risk factor contribution. The wound classification system provides a comprehensive approach in assessment of injury and clinical factors for the risk and outcomes of an extremity wound infection.
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