ReviewJournal of current ophthalmology2019
The impact of topical intraocular pressure lowering medications on the ocular surface of glaucoma patients: A review.
Review in Journal of current ophthalmology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of cosmetics on the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2023Pooled it
- How do different lighting conditions affect the vision and quality of life of people with glaucoma? A systematic review.Eye (London, England) · 2020Pooled it
- Impact of mono- or multitherapy on ocular surface health and quality of life after 5 years of follow-up in the Glaucoma Intensive Treatment Study (GITS).Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Trial
- Fifteen-Month Outcomes of Preservative-Free Latanoprost Cationic Emulsion in Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension: Phase III Open-Label Extension of a Randomized Trial.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Trial
- Update on XEN Gel Stent: A Narrative Review on Indications, Surgical Technique, and Postoperative Management.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- Analysis of risk factors associated with meibomian gland orifice obstruction severity in glaucoma patients: a clinical investigation.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Metabolic Shift and Hyperosmolarity Underlie Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- FAST® questionnaire for identifying glaucoma patients at risk for ocular surface disease.European journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Plasma Rich in Growth Factor in Patients with Congenital Aniridia and Dry Eye Disease.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Ocular Surface Disease and Dry Eye Severity in Glaucoma Patients at Urban Private Eye Care Centres in Malaysia.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Efficacy and safety of latanoprost/timolol fixed combination dosed twice daily compared to once daily in patients with primary open angle glaucoma.International journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Glaucoma Medication and Quality of Life after Phacoemulsification Combined with a Xen Gel Stent.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension with preservative-free tafluprost/timolol fixed-dose combination therapy: 6 case reports and clinical outcomes.BMC ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Treatment of Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension with Preservative-Free Tafluprost/Timolol Fixed-Dose Combination Therapy: Results from the VISIONARY Study Population in Spain.Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics · 2022Observational
- Treatment of Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension with the Fixed-Dose Combination of Preservative-Free Tafluprost/Timolol: Clinical Outcomes from Ophthalmology Clinics in Italy.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
- Comparison of adherence between fixed and unfixed topical combination glaucoma therapies using Japanese healthcare/pharmacy claims database: a retrospective non-interventional cohort study.BMC ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Improving Adherence to Topical Medication in Patients with Glaucoma.Patient preference and adherence · 2021Review
- Effect of Autologous Serum Eyedrops on Ocular Surface Disease Caused by Preserved Glaucoma Eyedrops.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Hypotensive Effect of Nanomicellar Formulation of Melatonin and Agomelatine in a Rat Model: Significance for Glaucoma Therapy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo assess the literature on the effects of topical intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering medications on the ocular surface. Ocular surface assessment in these patients is seldom a priority for most clinicians since the ultimate goal of management is to preserve vision.
methodsA literature search of articles (English only) on the subject matter was conducted and their findings summarized.
resultsThis review assesses the prevalence of dry eye symptoms in glaucoma patients on topical IOP-lowering medications. We extensively reviewed the effects of the preservatives and active ingredients in these medications on the ocular surface. In particular, the effects of benzalkonium chloride (BAK), a widely used preservative, on meibomian glands are explored. Also mentioned in this review is the association between duration of therapy and severity of dry eye symptoms. The role of the pH of medications in the development of ocular surface disease is also reviewed. Finally, we probed the occurrences of ocular allergic reactions with the use of topical IOP-lowering medications.
conclusionsThe preservatives and active agents in most topical glaucoma medications are implicated in the prevalence of ocular surface discomfort. Whilst clinicians involved in glaucoma care are encouraged to assess the ocular surface routinely, further studies are needed to demonstrate the contributions of other physiochemical properties of these medications to the development of ocular surface disease in these patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.