ArticleNature communications2019
Cervicovaginal microbiota and local immune response modulate the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery.
Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 228 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
228 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 399 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis reveals the vaginal microbiome is a better predictor of earlier than later preterm birth.BMC biology · 2023Pooled it
- Contribution ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Pooled it
- Vaginal Microbiota and Cytokines Among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women in Clinical Trials of the Dapivirine Vaginal Ring and Oral Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Effect of the Food Matrix on the Survival to the Gastrointestinal Transit of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL1505: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Study.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Trial
- Cytokine response following perturbation of the cervicovaginal milieu during HPV genital infection.Immunologic research · 2021Trial
- Effect of oral consumption of capsules containing Lactobacillus paracasei LPC-S01 on the vaginal microbiota of healthy adult women: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2020Trial
- The Human Vaginal Virome: Composition, Microbiome Interactions, and Implications for Bacterial Vaginosis, HPV Persistence, and Preterm Birth.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Vaginal Ecosystem During Gestation and Puerperium: Microbiota, Dysbiosis, Infection and Fetal-Maternal Implications.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- The Impact of the Vaginal Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites on HIV Transmission at the Female Reproductive Tract Epithelial Barrier.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Vaginal microbiome composition in pregnant and non-pregnant women: community structure, population variation, clinical impact, and metagenomics approaches.Infection and immunity · 2026Review
- Vaginal microbiomes and their pertinent social context: a microbial ecological review proffering AMR-STI acquisition and emergence.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- Comparing Asymptomatic Versus Symptomatic Bacterial Vaginosis: Clinical Characteristics, Vaginal Microbiota, and Lactic Acid Profiles.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2026Article
- Genomic landscape of the human vaginal microbiome is linked to host genetics and population of origin.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Multiomic analysis reveals that polyamines alter G. vaginalis-induced cervicovaginal epithelial cell dysfunction.Research square · 2026Article
- Microbiota-dependent interferon-λ controls immunity of the uterus and maternal-fetal interface.Research square · 2026Article
- Differential Host Gene Expression Associated with Non-Research square · 2026Article
- Article
- The Pathophysiology of Spontaneous Preterm Birth: Emerging Mechanisms Reviewed by the Preterm Birth International Collaborative.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Review
- Complement and neutrophils are actively involved at the cervicovaginal interface in cases of adverse microbial composition, cervical shortening and spontaneous preterm birth.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Induction of Human β-Defensin-2 by VaginalOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
168 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Failure to predict and understand the causes of preterm birth, the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, have limited effective interventions and therapeutics. From a cohort of 2000 pregnant women, we performed a nested case control study on 107 well-phenotyped cases of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) and 432 women delivering at term. Using innovative Bayesian modeling of cervicovaginal microbiota, seven bacterial taxa were significantly associated with increased risk of sPTB, with a stronger effect in African American women. However, higher vaginal levels of β-defensin-2 lowered the risk of sPTB associated with cervicovaginal microbiota in an ethnicity-dependent manner. Surprisingly, even in Lactobacillus spp. dominated cervicovaginal microbiota, low β-defensin-2 was associated with increased risk of sPTB. These findings hold promise for diagnostics to accurately identify women at risk for sPTB early in pregnancy. Therapeutic strategies could include immune modulators and microbiome-based therapeutics to reduce this significant health burden.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.