ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019
Celebrating 40 Years of Ironman: How the Champions Perform.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pacing of the first and only female finisher in the world's longest triathlon: The 2024 Triple Deca ultra triathlon.Journal of exercise science and fitness · 2026Article
- Cycling and Running are More Predictive of Overall Race Finish Time than Swimming in IRONMANSports medicine - open · 2025Article
- The association of origin and environmental conditions with performance in professional IRONMAN triathletes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Case Report: Case study of 100 consecutive IRONMAN®-distance triathlons-impact of race splits and sleep on the performance of an elite athlete.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
- Cycling is the most important predictive split discipline in professional Ironman® 70.3 triathletes.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Article
- Article
- Case Report: Differences in self-selected pacing in 20, 40, and 60 ironman-distance triathlons: a case study.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Article
- Predicting overall performance in Ironman 70.3 age group triathletes through split disciplines.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The beginning of success: Performance trends and cut-off values for junior and the U23 triathlon categories.Journal of exercise science and fitness · 2022Article
- Contribution of Segments to Overall Result in Elite Triathletes: Sprint Distance.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- What Is the Best Discipline to Predict Overall Triathlon Performance? An Analysis of Sprint, Olympic, IronmanFrontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Cut-Off Values in the Prediction of Success in Olympic Distance Triathlon.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Self-Selected Pacing During a World Record Attempt in 40 Ironman-Distance Triathlons in 40 Days.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- The Age-Related Performance Decline in Ironman 70.3.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Pacing and Performance Analysis of the World's Fastest Female Ultra-Triathlete in 5x and 10x Ironman.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- American Masters Road Running Records-The Performance Gap Between Female and Male Age Group Runners from 5 Km to 6 Days Running.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We aimed to determine which discipline had the greater performance improvements in the history of Ironman triathlon in Hawaii and also which discipline had the greater influence in overall race time. Data from 1983 to 2018 of the top three women and men of each year who competed in the Ironman World Championship were included. In addition to exploratory data analyses, linear regressions between split times and years of achievement were performed. Further, a stepwise multiple linear regression was applied using total race time as the dependent variable and split times as the independent variables. Both women and men significantly improved their performances from 1983 to 2018 in the Ironman World Championship. Swimming had the largest difference in improvements between men and women (3.0% versus 12.1%, respectively). A negative and significant decrease in each discipline was identified for both women and men, with cycling being the discipline with the greatest reduction. The results from the stepwise multiple regression indicated that cycling was the discipline with the highest influence on overall race time for both sexes. Based on the findings of this study, cycling seems to be the Ironman triathlon discipline that most improved overall race times and is also the discipline with the greatest influence on the overall race time of elite men and women in the Ironman World Championship.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.