ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2019
Neuroprotective Effects of Ginsenosides against Cerebral Ischemia.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Notoginsenoside R1 for Organs Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: A Preclinical Systematic Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Red ginseng-mediated modulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in neuroinflammatory-related cognitive impairments.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Review
- Ginsenosides in Modern Pharmaceutics: Mechanisms, Applications, Challenges, and Perspectives.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Ginsenoside Rh2 Alleviate Sepsis-related Encephalopathy via Up-regulating Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway and Apoptosis Inhibition.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2025Article
- Therapeutic potential of combination medicinal mushrooms (NevG) in ischemic stroke: correlating motor function, cognitive recovery, and hippocampal integrity in MCAO rats.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Recent Progress in Nano-TCM Active Ingredient Co-Delivery Systems for Inflammation-Mediated Diseases.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Role of SIRT1 in Potentially Toxic Trace Elements (Lead, Fluoride, Aluminum and Cadmium) Associated Neurodevelopmental Toxicity.Biological trace element research · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicles derived from endothelial progenitor cells modified by Houshiheisan promote angiogenesis and attenuate cerebral ischemic injury via miR-126/PIK3R2.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Prevention of colistin-induced neurotoxicity: a narrative review of preclinical data.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
- Article
- Advancements and challenges in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic research on the traditional Chinese medicine saponins: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Targeted Delivery of Macrophage Membrane Biomimetic Liposomes Through Intranasal Administration for Treatment of Ischemic Stroke.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
- Progress of Ginsenoside Rb1 in neurological disorders.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Research Progress on Effects of Ginsenoside Rg2 and Rh1 on Nervous System and Related Mechanisms.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Schisandrin B Protects against Ischemic Brain Damage by Regulating PI3K/AKT Signaling in Rats.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2023Article
- Crosstalk Between Autophagy and Inflammation in Chronic Cerebral Ischaemia.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Review
- Discrepancy Study of the Chemical Constituents of Panax Ginseng from Different Growth Environments with UPLC-MS-Based Metabolomics Strategy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Bioactive Compounds as Inhibitors of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Dysfunctions via Regulation of Cellular Redox Balance and Histone Acetylation State.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Red Ginger Extract Prevents the Development of Oxaliplatin-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Inhibiting the Spinal Noradrenergic System in Mice.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Neuroprotective Actions of Different Exogenous Nucleotides in HMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ginseng has been used worldwide as traditional medicine for thousands of years, and ginsenosides have been proved to be the main active components for their various pharmacological activities. Based on their structures, ginsenosides can be divided into ginseng diol-type A and ginseng triol-type B with different pharmacological effects. In this study, six ginsenosides, namely ginsenoside Rb1, Rh2, Rg3, Rg5 as diol-type ginseng saponins, and Rg1 and Re as triol-type ginseng saponins, which were reported to be effective for ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) treatment, were chosen to compare their protective effects on cerebral I/R injury, and their mechanisms were studied by in vitro and in vivo experiments. It was found that all ginsenosides could reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibit apoptosis and increase mitochondrial membrane potential in cobalt chloride-induced (CoCl₂-induced) PC12 cells injury model, and they could reduce cerebral infarction volume, brain neurological dysfunction of I/R rats in vivo. The results of immunohistochemistry and western blot showed that the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), silencing information regulator (SIRT1) and nuclear transcription factor P65 (NF-κB) in hippocampal CA1 region of some ginsenoside groups were also reduced. In general, the effect on cerebral ischemia of Rb1 and Rg3 was significantly improved compared with the control group, and was the strongest among all the ginsenosides. The effect on SIRT1 activation of ginsenoside Rb1 and the inhibition effect of TLR4/MyD88 protein expression of ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg3 were significantly stronger than that of other groups. The results indicated that ginsenoside Rg1, Rb1, Rh2, Rg3, Rg5 and Re were effective in protecting the brain against ischemic injury, and ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg3 have the strongest therapeutic activities in all the tested ginsenosides. Their neuroprotective mechanism is associated with TLR4/MyD88 and SIRT1 activation signaling pathways, and they can reduce cerebral ischemic injury by inhibiting NF-κB transcriptional activity and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.