SynthesisMedicine2019
Milk and yogurt intake and breast cancer risk: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between dairy intake and multiple health outcomes: a scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Intake of Various Food Groups and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- Higher Yogurt Consumption Is Associated With Lower Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Deciphering the causal effects of plasma metabolomics and lipids on breast cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Modifiable Risk Factors Including Self-Perceived Stress for Breast Cancer in Hong Kong: A Case-Control Study of 10 757 Subject.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2025Article
- Associations of the Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) and the risk of Breast Cancer (BrCa): a case-control study.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Double-Edged Sword Effect of Diet and Nutrition on Carcinogenic Molecular Pathways in Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Dairy and Cancer Controversy: Milking the Evidence.Current oncology reports · 2024Review
- Milk and dairy products - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.Food & nutrition research · 2024Article
- Epidemiological breast cancer prediction by country: A novel machine learning approach.PloS one · 2024Article
- The Role of Cow's Milk Consumption in Breast Cancer Initiation and Progression.Current nutrition reports · 2023Review
- Adherence to Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS) Is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Breast Cancer (BrCa): A Case-Control Study.International journal of clinical practice · 2022Article
- Consumption of Food Components of the Mediterranean Diet Decreases the Risk of Breast Cancer in the Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Consumption of Dairy Products and the Risk of Developing Breast Cancer in Polish Women.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity: Two Imperative Components in Breast Cancer Prevention.Cureus · 2021Review
- Cancer Progress and Priorities: Breast Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021Review
- Milk Consumption Decreases Risk for Breast Cancer in Korean Women under 50 Years of Age: Results from the Health Examinees Study.Nutrients · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Different patterns of milk and breast cancer rates across countries suggest that several components of milk could affect breast cancer risk. However, the components of diet are complex including milk that could potentially influence risk. Some milk products such as whole milk and cheese have a high fat content which may increase risk. Moreover, milk products may contain pesticides which have carcinogenic potential. In contrast, some contents of milk such as calcium and vitamin D have been hypothesized to reduce breast cancer risk. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to derive a more precise estimation of the association between dairy food intake and breast cancer risk. Using the data from 8 available publications, we examined low-fat/skim milk, whole milk, and yogurt in relation to risk of breast cancer by meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the association. However the results of all milk models and the available epidemiologic evidence do not support a strong association between the consumption of milk or milk products and breast cancer risk. Further studies with larger participants worldwide are needed to validate the relationship of dairy food intake and breast cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.