Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30896632›Full record

Observational studyMedicine2019

The impact of marital status on health care utilization among Medicare beneficiaries.

Kiran Raj Pandey, Fan Yang, Kathleen A Cagney, Fabrice Smieliauskas, David O Meltzer, Gregory W Ruhnke

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
83citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

83 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Mobile money and households' ability to respond to health shocks in Africa: Evidence from Madagascar.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026
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  6. Rural-Urban Differences in Cervical Cancer Screening Patterns: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the 2021 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2026
    Article
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  8. Relationship between spiritual pain, physical pain, and existential wellbeing among cancer patients: a correlational study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
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  18. Widowhood mortality among married and cohabiting partners: a nationwide study in Finland.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kiran Raj PandeyThe Center for Health and the Social Sciences, University of Chicago, IL.
Fan YangDepartment of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO.
Kathleen A CagneyDepartment of Sociology, University of Chicago.
Fabrice SmieliauskasDepartment of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago.
David O MeltzerThe Center for Health and the Social Sciences, University of Chicago, IL.
Gregory W RuhnkeSection of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To explain prior literature showing that married Medicare beneficiaries achieve better health outcomes at half the per person cost of single beneficiaries, we examined different patterns of healthcare utilization as a potential driver.Using the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) data, we sought to understand utilization patterns in married versus currently-not-married Medicare beneficiaries. We analyzed the relationship between marital status and healthcare utilization (classified based on setting of care utilization into outpatient, inpatient, and skilled nursing facility (SNF) use) using logistic regression modeling. We specified models to control for possible confounders based on the Andersen model of healthcare utilization.Based on 13,942 respondents in the MCBS dataset, 12,929 had complete data, thus forming the analytic sample, of whom 6473 (50.3%) were married. Of these, 58% (vs. 36% of those currently-not-married) were male, 45% (vs. 47%) were age >75, 24% (vs. 70%) had a household income below $25,000, 18% (vs. 14%) had excellent self-reported general health, and 56% (vs. 36%) had private insurance. Compared to unmarried respondents, married respondents had a trend toward higher odds of having a recent outpatient visit (unadjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.19, adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.10, (CI) 0.99-1.22), and lower odds in the year prior to have had an inpatient stay (AOR 0.84, CI 0.72-0.99) or a SNF stay (AOR 0.55, CI 0.40-0.75).Based on MCBS data, odds of self-reported inpatient and SNF use were lower among married respondents, while unadjusted odds of outpatient use were higher, compared to currently-not-married beneficiaries.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMarital StatusMedicareMobility LimitationOdds RatioPatient Acceptance of Health CareSocioeconomic FactorsUnited States

Identifiers

PMID30896632
PMCPMC6709281

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.