ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2019
Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor Resistance in British Columbia, Canada Between 2009 and 2016: A Longitudinal Analysis.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Deep sequencing reveals underestimated burden of integrase inhibitor resistance mutations in people living with HIV: a global individual patient data meta-analysis.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Pooled it
- Dolutegravir/Abacavir/Lamivudine in Acute HIV-1 Results in Rapid Suppression and Restoration of CD4 T-cell Subsets Without Accelerated Decay of Latent HIV-1.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Statewide Longitudinal Trends in Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Rhode Island, USA.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Intrapatient Development of Multi-Class Drug Resistance in an Individual Infected with HIV-1 CRF01_AE.Infection and drug resistance · 2021Article
- Review
- Recent Trends and Effectiveness of Antiretroviral Regimens Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV in the United States: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) 2008-2017.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIntegrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are highly efficacious and well tolerated antiretrovirals with fewer adverse side-effects relative to other classes of antiretrovirals. The use of INSTIs raltegravir, elvitegravir, and dolutegravir has increased dramatically over recent years. However, there is limited information about the evolution and prevalence of INSTI resistance mutations in clinical human immunodeficiency virus populations.
methodsHuman immunodeficiency virus-1-positive individuals ≥19 years were included if they received ≥1 dispensed prescription of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in British Columbia between 2009 and 2016 (N = 9358). Physician-ordered drug resistance tests were analyzed and protease inhibitor (PI), reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (RT), and INSTI resistance were defined as having ≥1 sample with a combined, cumulative score ≥30 by Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Algorithm version 7.0.1.
resultsAlthough most ART-treated individuals were tested for PI and RT resistance, INSTI resistance testing lagged behind the uptake of INSTIs among INSTI-treated individuals (11% in 2009; 34% in 2016). The prevalence of INSTI resistance was relatively low, but it increased from 1 to 7 per 1000 ART-treated individuals between 2009 and 2016 (
conclusionsThe prevalence of INSTI resistance remains low compared with PI and RT resistance in ART-treated populations but is expanding with increased INSTI use.
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