ArticleScandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine2019
Epidemiology of emergency ambulance service calls related to mental health problems and self harm: a national record linkage study.
Article in Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Multidisciplinary "Case Management" Approaches to the Management of Patients Who Make High Use of the Emergency Ambulance Service: A Quasi-experimental Evaluation Using Linked Routine Records.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2026Article
- Prehospital suicide mortality in the Lake Van basin: rural-urban disparities from three-year EMS dispatch surveillance in eastern Türkiye.BMC emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Association between utilisation of pre-hospital emergency services and premature discharge in Emergency Department attendances with mental health triage codes: a retrospective cohort study.BMC emergency medicine · 2026Article
- A nationwide Scottish cohort study of the association between pre-existing mental illness and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- The economic burden and costs of suicide and self-harm in Sweden.BMC public health · 2026Article
- School experiences and self-harm in the OxWell study.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Association between the location of Opioid Agonist Treatment (OAT) providers and heroin-related ambulance attendances.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2026Article
- Article
- Description of patients presenting with mental illness in emergency medical services: a retrospective observational study.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025Observational
- Use of Data Linkage Methods to Investigate Healthcare Interactions in Individuals Who Self-harm and Die by Suicide: A Scoping Review.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2025Article
- An analysis of ambulance re-contacts after non-conveyance: a retrospective cohort study in the Netherlands.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Polish Firefighters' Participation in Interventions Related to Behavioral Disorders in the 2020-2022 Period: An Observation of Incidents.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Navigating oneself through the eyes of the other - meanings of encountering ambulance clinicians while being in a suicidal process.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2024Article
- Emergency First Responders' Misconceptions about Suicide: A Descriptive Study.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2024Article
- Article
- Police-reported family violence victimisation or perpetration and mental health-related emergency department presentations: an Australian data-linkage study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Managing High Frequency of Ambulance Calls in Hospitals: A Systematic Review.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2024Review
- Article
- The Association between the Police, Ambulance, Clinician Early Response (PACER) Model and Involuntary Detentions of People Living with Mental Illness: A Protocol for a Retrospective Observational Study.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2023Article
- Classification of suicidal behavior calls in emergency medical services: a systematic review.International journal of emergency medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeople experiencing a mental health crisis receive variable and poorer quality care than those experiencing a physical health crisis. Little is known about the epidemiology, subsequent care pathways of mental health and self-harm emergencies attended by ambulance services, and subsequent all-cause mortality, including deaths by suicide. This is the first national epidemiological analysis of the processes and outcomes of people attended by an ambulance due to a mental health or self-harm emergency. The study aimed to describe patient characteristics, volume, case-mix, outcomes and care pathways following ambulance attendance in this patient population.
methodsA linked data study of Scottish ambulance service, emergency department, acute inpatient and death records for adults aged ≥16 for one full year following index ambulance attendance in 2011.
resultsThe ambulance service attended 6802 mental health or self harm coded patients on 9014 occasions. This represents 11% of all calls attended that year. Various pathways resulted from these attendances. Most frequent were those that resulted in transportation to and discharge from the emergency department (n = 4566/9014; 51%). Some patients were left at home (n = 1003/9014 attendances, 11%). Others were admitted to hospital (n = 2043/9014, 23%). Within 12 months of initial attendance, 279 (4%) patients had died, 97 of these were recorded as suicide.
conclusionsThis unique study finds that ambulance service and emergency departments are missing opportunities to provide better care to this population and in potentially avoidable mortality, morbidity and service burden. Developing and testing interventions for this patient group in pre-hospital and emergency department settings could lead to reductions in suicide, patient distress, and service usage.
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