ArticleBMC systems biology2019
How to schedule VEGF and PD-1 inhibitors in combination cancer therapy?
Article in BMC systems biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modelling Immune Dynamics in Locally Advanced MSI-H/dMMR Colorectal Cancer with Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab Treatment: From Differential Equations to an Agent-Based Framework.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2026Article
- Anti-angiogenic therapies in cancer: from endogenous inhibitors to bispecific VEGF x PD-(L)1 antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Unlocking new horizons in oncology: ivonescimab's dual-target approach to anti-VEGF/PD-1(L1) therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Towards Targeting Endothelial Rap1B to Overcome Vascular Immunosuppression in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Antiangiogenic-immune-checkpoint inhibitor combinations: lessons from phase III clinical trials.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Engineered IL-7 synergizes with IL-12 immunotherapy to prevent T cell exhaustion and promote memory without exacerbating toxicity.Science advances · 2023Article
- Immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy response evaluation using oncophysics-based mathematical models.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- PB101, a VEGF- and PlGF-targeting decoy protein, enhances antitumor immunity and suppresses tumor progression and metastasis.Oncoimmunology · 2023Article
- Mathematical modeling of cancer immunotherapy for personalized clinical translation.Nature computational science · 2022Article
- Optimal timing of steroid initiation in response to CTLA-4 antibody in metastatic cancer: A mathematical model.PloS one · 2022Article
- Predicting immune checkpoint inhibitor response with mathematical modeling.Immunotherapy · 2021Article
- Implications of immune-mediated metastatic growth on metastatic dormancy, blow-up, early detection, and treatment.Journal of mathematical biology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOne of the questions in the design of cancer clinical trials with combination of two drugs is in which order to administer the drugs. This is an important question, especially in the case where one agent may interfere with the effectiveness of the other agent.
resultsIn the present paper we develop a mathematical model to address this scheduling question in a specific case where one of the drugs is anti-VEGF, which is known to affect the perfusion of other drugs. As a second drug we take anti-PD-1. Both drugs are known to increase the activation of anticancer T cells. Our simulations show that in the case where anti-VEGF reduces the perfusion, a non-overlapping schedule is significantly more effective than a simultaneous injection of the two drugs, and it is somewhat more beneficial to inject anti-PD-1 first.
conclusionThe method and results of the paper can be extended to other combinations, and they could play an important role in the design of clinical trials with combination therapy, where scheduling strategies may significantly affect the outcome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.