ArticleCureus2019
Ophthalmic Manifestations of Acute Leukemia.
Article in Cureus, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ocular Manifestations Associated with Hematologic Malignancies: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Management.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Acute childhood leukemia and ophthalmic manifestations: An observational study from Eastern India.World journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Relapse of adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the bilateral lacrimal glands: A case report and literature review.Medicine · 2026Review
- Ophthalmic Manifestations Revealing Neurological Relapse in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Secondary Ocular Manifestations in Acute Leukemia: Clinical Patterns and Hematologic Correlates.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- A Case of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With Retinitis Pigmentosa-like Fundus Findings.Cureus · 2025Article
- Review
- Changes in retinal circulation and choroidal thickness in patients with acute myeloid leukemia detected by optical coherence tomography angiography.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Ophthalmic Manifestations of Newly Diagnosed Acute Leukemia Patients in a Tunisian Cohort.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
- Article
- Acute macular neuroretinopathy associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2021Article
- Acute lymphocytic leukemia with initial manifestation of serous retinal detachment and choroidal thickening: case report and literature review.The Journal of international medical research · 2021Review
- Unilateral disc edema as the first presentation of chronic myeloid leukemia.International journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Hyperuricemia might be an early manifestation of undiagnosed adult leukemia in a population-based cohort study.BioMedicine · 2020Article
- Frequency of Hypogonadism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with and without Coronary Artery Disease.Cureus · 2019Article
- Orbital Edema Secondary to a Sphenoidal Mass as the Presenting Symptom of High-Risk Precursor B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.Case reports in ophthalmologyArticle
- Ocular Manifestations of Newly Diagnosed Acute Leukemia Patients.Journal of current ophthalmologyArticle
- Ocular findings in children with acute leukemia at a tertiary care center in South America.Oman journal of ophthalmologyArticle
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction Ocular involvement in leukemia may occur because of direct leukemic infiltration or because of secondary ophthalmic involvement as a result of abnormalities related to blood like anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukocytosis. In some patients with leukemia, ophthalmic signs can precede the systemic features and can help in early diagnosis of systemic leukemia. Due to the scarcity of data on this topic from Pakistan, we conducted this study to determine the pattern of ocular involvement in patients with leukemia presenting in our settings. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan over a period of one year. The study comprised of both newly diagnosed and follow-up patients of acute leukemia of age more than 15 years. Patients underwent detailed ophthalmic anterior and dilated posterior segment examination. Patient's demographic profile, type of leukemia, chemotherapy status, and hematologic findings were also documented. Results There were 97 leukemic patients in the study with 55 (56.7%) males and 42 (43.3%) females. Various ophthalmic manifestations were observed in 47 (48.45%) patients. Forty-two (43.3%) were diagnosed cases with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 55 (56.7%) suffered from acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Ophthalmic manifestations were present in 29 patients of AML (52.7%) and 18 patients of ALL (42.85%). Ocular involvement was significantly more common in newly diagnosed (n=32) as compared with follow-up patients (n=15) (p-value = 0.032). Posterior segment (n=48) was the most common site of ocular involvement (n=48, 49.5%) with retinal hemorrhages seen in 40 patients (41.2%) and papilloedema in seven cases (7.2%). Thirty-three (70.2%) out of 47 patients with ophthalmic manifestations were asymptomatic while 14 (29.8%) had ocular symptoms at the time of initial presentation. Conclusion Ophthalmic manifestations were present in about half of the patients with leukemia. Ocular involvement was more prevalent in newly diagnosed cases and in patients with AML.
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