ArticleBMC infectious diseases2019
Genetic diversity of hepatitis E virus (HEV) strains derived from humans, swine and wild boars in Croatia from 2010 to 2017.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- First Report of Porcine Bocavirus and Porcine Cytomegalovirus in Croatian ASF-Negative Wild Boar Populations.Viruses · 2026Article
- Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection Among Pigs in Poland: An Assessment of the Prevalence on Commercial Swine Farms.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Hepatitis E Virus in Croatian Liver Transplant Recipients: Seroprevalence and One-Year Post-Transplant Surveillance from a Combined Cohort Study (2019-2022).Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Molecular Detection and Genetic Typing of Hepatitis E Virus in Wild Animals from Slovakia.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
- First evidence of hepatitis E virus in domestic pigs: a cross-sectional seroepidemiological study in the Bosnia and Herzegovina.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Longitudinal serological and virological survey of hepatitis E virus in wild boar (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Review
- Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection among Humans and Animals: Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Prevention.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Role of Wildlife and Pests in the Transmission of Pathogenic Agents to Domestic Pigs: A Systematic Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Absence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Circulation in the Most Widespread Wild Croatian Canine Species, the Red Fox (Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Seroprevalence Trends and Molecular Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis in Croatia.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Hepatitis E Virus (HEV): Identification of Subtypes 3b and 3m in Wild Boar Population in Liguria Region, Italy.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Hepatitis E virus infection in pigs: a first report from Zambia.Emerging microbes & infections · 2021Article
- Hepatitis E Virus in Croatia in the "One-Health" Context.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Hepatitis E Virus in the Food of Animal Origin: A Review.Foodborne pathogens and disease · 2021Review
- Investigating the Presence of SARS CoV-2 in Free-Living and Captive Animals.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Towards the Improved Accuracy of Hepatitis E Diagnosis in Vulnerable and Target Groups: A Global Perspective on the Current State of Knowledge and the Implications for Practice.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Emerging and Neglected Viruses of Zoonotic Importance in Croatia.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Pathogenic Characterization of a Porcine Circovirus Type 3 Isolate from Heilongjiang, China.Disease markers · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo fulfill epidemiological data and investigate possible interspecies transmission, this study shall attempt to sequence representative HEV strains of human, swine and wild boar origin collected from 2010 to 2017 in Croatia.
methodsIn total, 174 anti-HEV antibody positive human sera samples; 1419 blood or faeces samples of swine, as well as 720 tissue and/or blood samples of wild boar originating from different counties (18 in total) in Croatia were tested for the presence of HEV RNA.
resultsHEV RNA was detected in 26 human sera samples (14.9%; 95% CI 10.4-21.0%). HEV RNA was detected in 216 tested swine (15.2%; 95% CI 13.5-17.1%), regardless of age, farm breeding system or geographical origin. Viral RNA was also detectable in faeces samples which prove that swine actively participate in shedding HEV into the environment. Of the total of 720 tested wild boar samples, 83 were HEV RNA positive (11.5, 95% CI 9.4-14.1%) originating from six counties. According to the sequence analysis all strains have shown to be members of Orthohepevirus A genotype HEV-3, regardless of host. The genotyping results confirm grouping of sequences into four subtypes of HEV strains of which subtypes 3a and 3c belong to the general cluster 3abchij, and were predominately detected during the study, while subtypes 3e and 3f fall within cluster 3efg. Strains within subtypes 3a and 3e were found in humans, swine and wild boars; subtype 3c strains were derived from humans and swine, whereas subtype 3f strains were found only in humans. Strains belonging to subtypes 3a and 3c were derived during the entire investigated period and may be considered endemic in Croatia, whereas strains within subtypes 3e and 3f were detected sporadically indicating the possibility of newly imported infections.
conclusionsAll detected strains show to be genetically highly related to strains found in humans and/or animals from other European Countries, indicating that trade of live animals or wild boar movement increases the risk of HEV infection spread. Furthermore, homologous strains found in different investigated species within this study indicate interspecies transmission of HEV and/or an existence of an accessible mutual source of infection.
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