ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria in Sabah, Malaysia, 2015-2017: Ongoing Increase in Incidence Despite Near-elimination of the Human-only Plasmodium Species.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 144 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and determinants of zoonotic malaria in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) and Malaysia: systematic review and meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Knowledge, compliance, and challenges in anti-malarial products usage: a systematic review of at-risk communities for zoonotic malaria.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- The Impact of Emerging Plasmodium knowlesi on Accurate Diagnosis by Light Microscopy: A Systematic Review and Modeling Analysis.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence of simian malaria among macaques in Malaysia (2000-2021): A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Is there evidence of sustained human-mosquito-human transmission of the zoonotic malaria Plasmodium knowlesi? A systematic literature review.Malaria journal · 2022Pooled it
- Malaria distribution and performance of malaria diagnostic methods in Malaysia (1980-2019): a systematic review.Malaria journal · 2020Pooled it
- The Effect of Regularly Dosed Acetaminophen vs No Acetaminophen on Renal Function in Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria (PACKNOW): A Randomized, Controlled Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Trial
- Population genomics of Plasmodium malariae from 4 African countries.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness of outdoor residual spraying, insecticide-treated nets, and their combination for zoonotic malaria control in Sabah, Malaysia: a comparative analysis.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Educational frameworks for zoonotic malaria prevention: a narrative review integrating behavioural theory, participatory design, and instructional models for Plasmodium knowlesi in Southeast Asia.Malaria journal · 2026Review
- Integrative genomics ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- What does monkey malaria mean to you? A participatory photovoice study in rural Malaysian Borneo.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Exploring influencing factors affecting preventive behaviours of Plasmodium knowlesi malaria among at-risk communities: an application of the nominal group technique.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Immunological surveillance using anti-gSG6-P1 IgG biomarker reveals spatio-temporal dynamics of Anopheles exposure and gaps in malaria risk assessment in the Greater Mekong Subregion.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a multiplex PCR assay with melt curve analysis for detecting simian Plasmodium in wild Macaca fascicularis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Household costs associated with zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi, P. falciparum, P. vivax and P. malariae infections in Sabah, Malaysia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Genomic epidemiology of Plasmodium knowlesi reveals putative genetic drivers of adaptation in Malaysia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Severe knowlesi malaria with acute neurocognitive impairment: A case report.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Emerging malaria in Indonesia: An overview ofParasite epidemiology and control · 2025Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMalaysia aims to eliminate malaria by 2020. However, while cases of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax have decreased substantially, the incidence of zoonotic malaria from Plasmodium knowlesi continues to increase, presenting a major challenge to regional malaria control efforts. Here we report incidence of all Plasmodium species in Sabah, including zoonotic P. knowlesi, during 2015-2017.
methodsMicroscopy-based malaria notification data and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were obtained from the Sabah Department of Health and State Public Health Laboratory, respectively, from January 2015 to December 2017. From January 2016 this was complemented by a statewide prospective hospital surveillance study. Databases were matched, and species was determined by PCR, or microscopy if PCR was not available.
resultsA total of 3867 malaria cases were recorded between 2015 and 2017, with PCR performed in 93%. Using PCR results, and microscopy if PCR was unavailable, P. knowlesi accounted for 817 (80%), 677 (88%), and 2030 (98%) malaria cases in 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively. P. falciparum accounted for 110 (11%), 45 (6%), and 23 (1%) cases and P. vivax accounted for 61 (6%), 17 (2%), and 8 (0.4%) cases, respectively. Of those with P. knowlesi, the median age was 35 (interquartile range: 24-47) years, and 85% were male.
conclusionsMalaysia is approaching elimination of the human-only Plasmodium species. However, the ongoing increase in P. knowlesi incidence presents a major challenge to malaria control and warrants increased focus on knowlesi-specific prevention activities. Wider molecular surveillance in surrounding countries is required.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.