ArticleArchives of disease in childhood2019
Rating early child development outcome measurement tools for routine health programme use.
Article in Archives of disease in childhood, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 52 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychometric properties of early childhood development assessment tools in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Incidence and outcomes of intrapartum-related neonatal encephalopathy in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2022Pooled it
- Neurodevelopment in Normocephalic Children Exposed to Zika Virus in Utero with No Observable Defects at Birth: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Screening tools for early identification of children with developmental delay in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2020Pooled it
- Parental developmental screening with CARE: A pilot hybrid assessment and intervention with vulnerable families in Colombia.PloS one · 2023Trial
- Effect of Delayed Cord Clamping on Neurodevelopment at 3 Years: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Neonatology · 2021Trial
- Psychometric evidence for assessing early childhood development in Brazil: the Child Development Diagnostic Form in the Criança Feliz Program.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Cost of adapting the International Guide for Monitoring Child Development, Guatemala and India.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2026Article
- Measuring child development at the 2-2½-year health and development review in England: a rapid scoping review of available tools.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Validation of the Global Scales of Early Development (GSED) tool in rural Western Kenya.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Methodology for adapting a co-created early childhood development intervention and implementation strategies for use by frontline workers in India and Guatemala: a systematic application of the FRAME-IS framework.Global health action · 2024Article
- Survive and Thrive: Outcomes of Children Enrolled in a Follow-Up Clinic for Small and Sick Newborns in Rural Rwanda.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Examining the Utility of the Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI) among Children in the Nigeria Context.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status and Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire as Screening Measures for Children in India: A Scoping Review.Pediatric reports · 2023Article
- The current landscape and future of tablet-based cognitive assessments for children in low-resourced settings.PLOS digital health · 2023Review
- Developmental screening tools for identification of children with developmental difficulties in high-income countries: a systematic review.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2023Review
- Developmental characteristics of Williams-Beuren syndrome and evaluation of adaptive behavioral skills.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2023Article
- Association between pregnancy planning or intention and early child development: A systematic scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
15 authors at 11 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIdentification of children at risk of developmental delay and/or impairment requires valid measurement of early child development (ECD). We systematically assess ECD measurement tools for accuracy and feasibility for use in routine services in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC).
methodsBuilding on World Bank and peer-reviewed literature reviews, we identified available ECD measurement tools for children aged 0-3 years used in ≥1 LMIC and matrixed these according to
results61 tools were initially identified, 8% (n=5) population-level and 92% (n=56) individual-level screening or ability tests. Of these, 27 tools covering ≥3 domains beginning <2 years of age were selected for rating accuracy and feasibility. Recently developed population-level tools (n=2) rated highly overall, particularly in reliability, cultural adaptability, administration time and geographical uptake. Individual-level tool (n=25) ratings were variable, generally highest for reliability and lowest for accessibility, training, clinical relevance and geographical uptake. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Although multiple measurement tools exist, few are designed for multidomain ECD measurement in young children, especially in LMIC. No available tools rated strongly across
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.