Observational studyHealth services research2019
An observational study of adolescent health outcomes associated with school-based health service utilization: A causal analysis.
Observational study in Health services research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on School-Based Medical Services in Austria.The Journal of school health · 2025Article
- Safe spaces for youth mental health: A scoping review.PloS one · 2025Article
- The use of youth healthcare services and its association with health-related quality of life, physical and mental health and over-the-counter analgesics use in 13-19-year-old adolescents: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- An observational study of adolescent health outcomes associated with school-based health service utilization: A causal analysis.Health services research · 2019Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveOur aim is to examine the unbiased association between use of school-based health services (SBHS) and student health outcomes. DATA SOURCES: Data are from a nationally representative health and well-being survey of 8500 New Zealand high school students from 91 high schools. STUDY
designStudent data were linked to the level of SBHS available to them: no SBHS, regular clinics from visiting health professionals, a health professional onsite, or a health team onsite. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION
methodsCausal analyses are used to compare utilization of SBHS and their association with student-reported health outcomes, including foregone health care, depressive symptoms, emotional and behavioral difficulties, suicide risk, substance use, and unsafe sexual behaviors. PRINCIPAL
findingsResults from the multinomial propensity score-weighted regressions show that the use of SBHS was associated with poorer health outcomes, suggesting that selection bias was present due to unmeasured confounders. Instrumental variable analyses found that that students using team-based SBHS had a 4.7 percent (95% CI 0.5-8.9) probability of high levels of depressive symptoms compared to 14.2 percent (95% CI 11.5-16.8) among students not using team SBHS. For suicide attempt, students using team-based SBHS had a 2.0 percent (95% CI -0.3-4.2) probability of a suicide attempt in the previous 12 months compared to 5.6 percent (95% CI 2.6-8.5) among students not using team SBHS.
conclusionsThese analyses suggest that team-based SBHS are associated with better mental health among students who attend them.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.