ReviewHepatobiliary surgery and nutrition2019
Detecting donor-specific antibodies: the importance of sorting the wheat from the chaff.
Review in Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of allogeneic cord blood T-regulatory cells for treatment of COVID-19 ARDS.Blood advances · 2023Trial
- Rituximab-based Induction in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation: Prolonged Rejection-free Survival and the Role of Donor-specific Antibodies.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026Article
- Nanodisc-Based Platform for HLA Antibody Identification.Advanced functional materials · 2026Article
- Rejection-Focused Precision Medicine in Kidney Transplantation: Biology, Biomarkers, and Artificial Intelligence.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Hunt for HLA-DQ Allogeneic Eplets Is Not Over: Four New Ones, Including a Cross-Chain Eplet.HLA · 2025Article
- Recipient-specific antibodies in HSCT: current knowledge and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Interrogating post-transplant donor HLA-specific antibody characteristics and effector functions using clinical bead assays.Human immunology · 2024Article
- Review
- Heart Transplant Rejection: From the Endomyocardial Biopsy to Gene Expression Profiling.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles remove donor-specific antibodies (DSA) from patient blood in a first ex vivo proof of principle study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Role of Complement-dependent Cytotoxicity Crossmatch and HLA Typing in Solid Organ Transplant.Reviews on recent clinical trials · 2024Review
- Memory B-cell derived donor-specific antibodies do not predict outcome in sensitized kidney transplant recipients: a retrospective single-center study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Development of a calculated panel reactive antibody calculator for the United Arab Emirates: a proof of concept study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Virtual crossmatch for deceased donor kidney transplantation in the United States: A survey of histocompatibility lab directors and transplant surgeons.Human immunology · 2023Article
- Technical and clinical aspects of the histocompatibility crossmatch assay in solid organ transplantationBiomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2022Article
- Principles of Virtual Crossmatch Testing for Kidney Transplantation.Kidney international reports · 2022Review
- Four Faces of Cell-Surface HLA Class-I: Their Antigenic and Immunogenic Divergence Generating Novel Targets for Vaccines.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Positive flow cytometry crossmatch with discrepant antibody testing results following COVID-19 vaccination.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2021Article
- Interpretation of the HLA epitopes-Continuous dilution method for detection of high-titer IgG HLA antibody.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) compatibility is very important for successful transplantation of solid organs. In this paper, we focused on the humoral arm of immunity in the clinical setting of organ transplantation: how HLA antibodies develop, how they can be detected, and what they can do to injure organ transplants. Specifically, we explore the technical perspectives of detecting donor-specific antibodies (DSA) in HLA laboratories, and use real-life clinical cases to explain the principles. Currently there are many tools in our HLA antibody detection toolbox: conventional cytotoxicity cross match, flow cross match, and solid phase assays using beads conjugated with single or multiple HLA antigens. Single antigen bead (SAB) assay is the most sensitive tool available for detecting HLA antibodies and assessing the immunological risk for organ transplant. However, there are intrinsic limitations to solid-phase assays and they are prone to both false negativity and importantly, false positivity. Denatured antigens on single antigen beads might be the most prominent source of false positive reactivity, and may have been underestimated by many HLA experts. No single assay is perfect and therefore multiple methods, including the less sensitive assays, should be employed to determine the clinical relevance of detected HLA antibodies. Thoughtful process, including knowledge of HLA systems, cross reactivity, epitopes, and the patient's clinical history should be employed to correctly interpret data. The clinical team should work closely with HLA laboratories to ensure accurate interpretation of information and optimal management of patients before and after organ transplantation.
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