Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30880027›Full record

ArticleBrain stimulation

Elimination of peripheral auditory pathway activation does not affect motor responses from ultrasound neuromodulation.

Morteza Mohammadjavadi, Patrick Peiyong Ye, Anping Xia, Julian Brown, Gerald Popelka, Kim Butts Pauly

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain stimulation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
91citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

91 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Ultrasound Modulation of Visual Circuits in Mice Independent of Auditory Confound.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
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  19. TRPC6 is a mechanosensitive channel essential for ultrasound neuromodulation in the mammalian brain.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  20. Low-intensity focused ultrasound to the insula differentially modulates the heartbeat-evoked potential: A proof-of-concept study.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024
    Article

31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Morteza MohammadjavadiDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address: mortezmj@stanford.edu.
Patrick Peiyong YeDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Anping XiaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Julian BrownHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Gerald PopelkaDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Kim Butts PaulyDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Funding

Neurostimulation by Ultrasound: Physical, Biophysical and Neural MechanismsR01EB019005 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BACCUS, STEPHEN A, BUTTS-PAULY, KIM · 2014 to 2017
$2.8M
What are we Stimulating with Transcranial Ultrasound in Mice?RF1MH116977 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BUTTS-PAULY, KIM · 2018 to 2018
$1.8M
MR-guided Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation of Deep Brain StructuresR01MH111825 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BUTTS-PAULY, KIM · 2016 to 2019
$1.6M
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB019005NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH111825NIMH NIH HHS RF1 MH116977
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRecent studies in a variety of animal models including rodents, monkeys, and humans suggest that transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) has considerable promise for non-invasively modulating neural activity with the ability to target deep brain structures. However, concerns have been raised that motor responses evoked by tFUS may be due to indirect activation of the auditory pathway rather than direct activation of motor circuits.

objectiveIn this study, we sought to examine the involvement of peripheral auditory system activation from tFUS stimulation applied to elicit motor responses. The purpose was to determine to what extent ultrasound induced auditory artifact could be a factor in ultrasound motor neuromodulation.

methodsIn this study, tFUS-induced electromyography (EMG) signals were recorded and analyzed in wild-type (WT) normal hearing mice and two strains of genetically deaf mice to examine the involvement of the peripheral auditory system in tFUS-stimulated motor responses. In addition, auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were measured to elucidate the effect of the tFUS stimulus envelope on auditory and motor responses. We also varied the tFUS stimulation duration to measure its effect on motor response duration.

resultsWe show, first, that the sharp edges in a tFUS rectangular envelope stimulus activate the peripheral afferent auditory pathway and, second, that smoothing these edges eliminates the auditory responses without affecting the motor responses in normal hearing WT mice. We further show that by eliminating peripheral auditory activity using two different strains of deaf knockout mice, motor responses are the same as in normal hearing WT mice. Finally, we demonstrate a high correlation between tFUS pulse duration and EMG response duration.

conclusionThese results support the concept that tFUS-evoked motor responses are not a result of stimulation of the peripheral auditory system.

Indexed as

Ultrasonic WavesAcoustic StimulationAnimalsAuditory PathwaysBrainBrain MappingElectromyographyFemaleHumansMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMotor ActivityAuditory artifactAuditory brainstem responseMotor responseNeuromodulationNoninvasive brain stimulationUltrasound

Identifiers

PMID30880027
PMCPMC6592746

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.