Trial reportNeuroImage. Clinical2019
Non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions relieve insomnia symptoms by modulating a shared network: A controlled longitudinal study.
Trial report in NeuroImage. Clinical, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative effectiveness of non-pharmacological traditional Chinese medicine therapies for chronic fatigue syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of acupuncture on the brain in primary insomnia: a coordinate-based meta-analysis of fMRI studies.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Altered Effective Connectivity of Precuneus Subregions and Associated Gene Profiles in Chronic Insomnia Disorder Patients Before and After Treatment.Brain and behavior · 2026Trial
- The Prophylactic Effect of Acupuncture for Migraine Without Aura: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Clinical Trial.Journal of evidence-based medicine · 2025Trial
- Diazepam modulates hippocampal CA1 functional connectivity in people at clinical high-risk for psychosis.Psychological medicine · 2025Trial
- Effects of dry cupping on exercise, autonomic activity and sleep in baseball players during preseason and in-season conditioning.PloS one · 2025Trial
- Telehealth-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy - a potential solution to improve sleep quality and normalize the salience network in fibromyalgia: a pilot randomized trial.Brain imaging and behavior · 2024Trial
- Acupuncture modulates emotional network resting-state functional connectivity in patients with insomnia disorder: a randomized controlled trial and fMRI study.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2024Trial
- Comprehensive characterization of AP-1 adaptor complex genes in lung cancer reveals AP1AR as a novel prognostic and therapeutic biomarker.Journal of Cancer · 2026Article
- Functional Connectivity Density in the Sensorimotor Area is Associated with Sleep Latency in Patients with Primary Insomnia.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2022Article
- Severity of alcohol use disorder influences sex differences in sleep, mood, and brain functional connectivity impairments.Brain communications · 2022Article
- Efficacy of abdomen-rubbing qigong exercise for chronic insomnia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Trials · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrimary insomnia (PI) is one of the most common complaints among the general population. Both non-pharmacological and pharmacological therapies have proven effective in treating primary insomnia. However, the underlying mechanism of treatment remains unclear, and no studies have compared the underlying mechanisms of different treatments.
methodsIn this study, we investigated gray matter volume (GMV) and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes following both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments in patients with PI. A total of 67 PI patients were randomized into benzodiazepine treatment, cupping treatment, or a wait-list control group for 4 weeks. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), gray matter volume (GMV), and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the hippocampus were measured at the beginning and end of the experiment.
resultsWe found 1) significantly decreased PSQI scores in the cupping and benzodiazepine treatment groups compared to the control group with no significant differences between the two treatment groups; 2) significant GMV increases in the cupping group compared to the control group at the right hippocampus after 4 weeks of treatment; 3) significantly increased rsFC between the right hippocampus and left rostral anterior cingulate cortex/medial prefrontal cortex (rACC/mPFC) in the two treatment groups, which was significantly associated with PSQI score decreases. DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that benzodiazepine and cupping may share a common mechanism to relieve the symptoms of patients with PI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.