Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30877306›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2019

Post-Modern Epidemiology: When Methods Meet Matter.

George Davey Smith

Abstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Negative controls and how to use them: a guidance paper.International journal of epidemiology · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
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  8. Article
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  12. Causal Inference with Genetic Data: Past, Present, and Future.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2022
    Review
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  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. The Authors Respond.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2020
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

George Davey SmithMedical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_UU_00011/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the last third of the 20th century, etiological epidemiology within academia in high-income countries shifted its primary concern from attempting to tackle the apparent epidemic of noncommunicable diseases to an increasing focus on developing statistical and causal inference methodologies. This move was mutually constitutive with the failure of applied epidemiology to make major progress, with many of the advances in understanding the causes of noncommunicable diseases coming from outside the discipline, while ironically revealing the infectious origins of several major conditions. Conversely, there were many examples of epidemiologic studies promoting ineffective interventions and little evident attempt to account for such failure. Major advances in concrete understanding of disease etiology have been driven by a willingness to learn about and incorporate into epidemiology developments in biology and cognate data science disciplines. If fundamental epidemiologic principles regarding the rooting of disease risk within populations are retained, recent methodological developments combined with increased biological understanding and data sciences capability should herald a fruitful post-Modern Epidemiology world.

Indexed as

Epidemiologic MethodsCausalityEpidemiologyHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyHumansModels, StatisticalNoncommunicable DiseasesPrecision MedicineTextbooks as TopicBradford Hillcausal inferencehistory of epidemiologyliability modelsmethodologystochasticity

Identifiers

PMID30877306
PMCPMC6670067

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.