ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
Circulating (1→3)-β-D-glucan Is Associated With Immune Activation During Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 68 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brief Report: Dipyridamole Decreases Gut Mucosal Regulatory T-Cell Frequencies Among People With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Trial
- Plasma GDF-15 Levels Are Associated With HIV Reservoir Markers Independently of Inflammation in People With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Sex-specific gut mycobiome dysbiosis activates macrophage dectin-1 signaling to drive neurobehavioral deficits in EcoHIV-infected mice.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- The Gut Microbiome in HIV Pathogenesis: Interconnections Between Dysbiosis, Immune Dysfunction, and Viral Persistence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Early Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation During Primary HIV Infection Restricts HIV Reservoirs and Gut-Driven Inflammation but Fails to Rewire the Systemic Cytokine Landscape.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Circulating Mycobiota Signatures and Cardiovascular Mortality among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Article
- Intestinal microecology: a crucial factor influencing incomplete immune reconstitution after antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV-1.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Article
- β-Glucan in antiviral defense: mechanisms, immune modulation, and therapeutic prospects.Folia microbiologica · 2025Review
- Salivary mycobiome diversity at different stages of human immunodeficiency virus infection.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Understanding residual risk of cardiovascular disease in people with HIV.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- HIV and the gut: implications for HIV persistence, immune dysfunction and cure strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Innate immune memory in chronic HIV and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND): potential mechanisms and clinical implications.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Review
- One for All and All for One: Multikingdom Interplay in Severe Viral Pneumonia.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Gut Microbiome Alteration in HIV/AIDS and the Role of Antiretroviral Therapy-A Scoping Review.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Role of beta-(1→3)(1→6)-D-glucan derived from yeast on natural killer (NK) cells and breast cancer cell lines in 2D and 3D cultures.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Alterations of the Intestinal Mucosal Barrier and Gut Fungal Microbiome in Asymptomatic HIV-Infected Patients.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2024Article
- Effects of statins beyond lipid-lowering agents in ART-treated HIV infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder: key implications of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- PSGL-1, a Strategic Biomarker for Pathological Conditions in HIV Infection: A Hypothesis Review.Viruses · 2023Review
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issuedErratum.2020
Authors and funding
22 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMicrobial translocation from the gut to systemic circulation contributes to immune activation during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and is usually assessed by measuring plasma levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Fungal colonization in the gut increases during HIV-infection and people living with HIV (PLWH) have increased plasma levels of fungal polysaccharide (1→3)-β-D-Glucan (βDG). We assessed the contribution of circulating DG to systemic immune activation in PLWH.
methodsCross-sectional and longitudinal assessments of plasma βDG levels were conducted along with markers of HIV disease progression, epithelial gut damage, bacterial translocation, proinflammatory cytokines, and βDG-specific receptor expression on monocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
resultsPlasma βDG levels were elevated during early and chronic HIV infection and persisted despite long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART). βDG increased over 24 months without ART but remained unchanged after 24 months of treatment. βDG correlated negatively with CD4 T-cell count and positively with time to ART initiation, viral load, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, LPS, and soluble LPS receptor soluble CD14 (sCD14). Elevated βDG correlated positively with indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1 enzyme activity, regulatory T-cell frequency, activated CD38+Human Leukocyte Antigen - DR isotype (HLA-DR)+ CD4 and CD8 T cells and negatively with Dectin-1 and NKp30 expression on monocytes and NK cells, respectively.
conclusionsPLWH have elevated plasma βDG in correlation with markers of disease progression, gut damage, bacterial translocation, and inflammation. Early ART initiation prevents further βDG increase. This fungal antigen contributes to immune activation and represents a potential therapeutic target to prevent non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome events.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.