Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30874563›Full record

ArticleNature communications2019

Life habits and evolutionary biology of new two-winged long-proboscid scorpionflies from mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber.

Xiaodan Lin, Conrad C Labandeira, Chungkun Shih, Carol L Hotton, Dong Ren

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
19.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Evolutionary implications of a deep-time perspective on insect pollination.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2025
    Review
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  12. A new species ofZooKeys · 2020
    Article
  13. Pollination of Cretaceous flowers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Xiaodan LinCollege of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China.
Conrad C LabandeiraCollege of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China. labandec@si.edu.
Chungkun ShihCollege of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China.
Carol L HottonDepartment of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 20013, USA.
Dong RenCollege of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China. rendong@mail.cnu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8660-0901
Smithsonian Institution · USCapital Normal University · CNNational Museum of Natural History · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Long-proboscid scorpionflies are enigmatic, mid-Mesozoic insects associated with gymnosperm pollination. One major lineage, Aneuretopsychina, consists of four families plus two haustellate clades, Diptera and Siphonaptera. One clade, Pseudopolycentropodidae, from mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber, contains Parapolycentropus. Here, we newly establish Dualula, assigned to Dualulidae, constituting the fifth lineage. Parapolycentropus and Dualula lineages are small, two-winged, with unique siphonate mouthparts for imbibing pollination drops. A cibarial pump provides siphonal food inflow; in Dualula, the siphon base surrounds a hypopharynx housing a small, valved pump constricted to a narrow salivary duct supplying outgoing enzymes for food fluidization. Indirect evidence links long-proboscid mouthpart structure with contemporaneous tubulate ovulate organs. Direct evidence of gymnospermous Cycadopites pollen is associated with one Parapolycentropus specimen. Parapolycentropus and Dualula exhibit hind-wing reduction that would precede haltere formation, likely caused by Ultrabithorax. Distinctive, male Aneuretopsychina genitalia are evident from specimens in copulo, supplemented by mixed-sex individuals of likely male mating swarms.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionAmberAnimalsCycadopsidaFemaleFossilsHerbivoryInsectaMaleMyanmarPhylogenyPollenSex CharacteristicsAmber

Identifiers

PMID30874563
PMCPMC6420582
OpenAlexW2922442261

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.