ReviewImmunological reviews2019
The continuing story of T-cell independent antibodies.
Review in Immunological reviews, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed.
- The liver-secreted protein FGL1 restrains a subset of innate-like B cell responses via the receptor TACI.Immunity · 2026Article
- IgE Production Beyond Classical T-Cell Help.Immune network · 2026Review
- B Cell Subsets and Atherosclerosis: Updates and Emerging Concepts.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Low IgM Levels in Adult IEI: Classification Challenges and Clinical Implications.Journal of clinical immunology · 2026Article
- B cell-mediated immune reconstitution after lung transplantation: mechanisms, interventions, and prognostic evaluation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Bacterial Swiss Army Knife: ExPEC Utilizes Multiple Resistance Mechanisms to Counteract Host Immune Responses.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Activation of B1 B cells by F. tularensis atypical LPS depends on classical complement and C3a.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Article
- Antibody Secretion Capacity in CVID Patients: Immunoglobulin Isotypes and Antigen Specificities After T-Cell-Dependent In Vitro Stimulation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Coordinated Regulation of Extrafollicular B Cell Responses by IL-12 and IFNγ.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Antibody responses in Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection: a prospective cohort study.The Lancet. Microbe · 2025Article
- Characterization of TCRβ and IGH Repertoires in the Spleen of Two Chicken Lines with Differential ALV-J Susceptibility Under Normal and Infection Conditions.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Research progress in RBC alloimmunization.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Effective long-term treatment with moss-produced factor H by overcoming the antibody response in a mouse model of C3G.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The contributions of T cell-mediated immunity to protection from vaccine-preventable diseases: A primer.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- The CD4 T cell-independent IgG response during persistent virus infection favors emergence of neutralization-escape variants.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- The role of autoantibodies in bridging obesity, aging, and immunosenescence.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Review
- The nutrient-sensing Rag-GTPase complex in B cells controls humoral immunity via TFEB/TFE3-dependent mitochondrial fitness.Nature communications · 2024Article
- CPT2-mediated Fatty Acid Oxidation Is Dispensable for Humoral Immunity.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- The common variable immunodeficiency IgM repertoire narrowly recognizes erythrocyte and platelet glycans.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to review the role of extrafollicular and T-cell independent antibody responses in humoral immunity. We consider two interrelated questions: (a) do T-cell independent antibody responses dominated by IgM and/or IgA play unique functions in immunity and homeostasis; and (b) is it typical for these responses to result in lifelong protection? In addressing these questions, we consider the established advantages of T-cell driven responses including the unique role played by germinal center reactions in these responses, and contrast the processes and outcomes of germinal center-centric responses with germinal center- and T-cell independent antibodies. We suggest that T-independent and other extrafollicular responses contribute substantially to highly stable antibody repertoires in both the serum and the intestine, providing relatively constitutive humoral barriers with the collective dual function of protecting against invading pathogens and regulating the composition of non-pathogenic microbial communities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.