ReviewImmunological reviews2019
Linking signaling and selection in the germinal center.
Review in Immunological reviews, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed.
- Apoptotic Quality Control of Cellular Competence Limits Cryptic Germinal Center B Cell States.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- "Double-duty" dendritic cells in Xenopus laevis: Early vertebrate splenic APCs resemble conventional dendritic cells and limit native antigen presentation to B cells during a humoral response.Molecular immunology · 2026Article
- PTEN restricts IL-21R signaling in GC B cells and suppresses their differentiation to plasma cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Mucosal delivery of influenza antigens using a replication deficient adenovirus supports broadly reactive antibody responses and heterologous viral immunity in the respiratory tract of animals.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Extrafollicular and Other Non-Germinal Center B Cell Responses: An Evolutionary Perspective.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Coordinated Regulation of Extrafollicular B Cell Responses by IL-12 and IFNγ.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Structure and sequence engineering approaches to improve in vivo expression of nucleic acid-delivered antibodies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- PLCG2, A Regulator of Lung Adenocarcinoma Proliferation and Migration Associated with Immune Infiltration.Current cancer drug targets · 2025Article
- Vaccines as Potential Frontliners Against Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): A Focused Review.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Review
- Analysis of Germinal Center Reaction in Competitive Bone Marrow Chimeric Rag2Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- The survival of B cells is compromised in kidney disease.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Aberrant zonal recycling of germinal center B cells impairs appropriate selection in lupus.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Lymphocytes Change Their Phenotype and Function in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Notch2 controls developmental fate choices between germinal center and marginal zone B cells upon immunization.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Ipsilateral immunization after a prior SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination elicits superior B cell responses compared to contralateral immunization.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Modulating Antigen Availability in Lymphoid Organs to Shape the Humoral Immune Response to Vaccines.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Review
- Memory B cells.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Germinal centers (GC) are sites of rapid B-cell proliferation in response to certain types of immunization. They arise in about 1 week and can persist for several months. In GCs, B cells differentiate in a unique way and begin to undergo somatic mutation of the Ig V regions at a high rate. GC B cells (GCBC) thus undergo clonal diversification that can affect the affinity of the newly mutant B-cell receptor (BCR) for its driving antigen. Through processes that are still poorly understood, GCBC with higher affinity are selectively expanded while those with mutations that inactivate the BCR are lost. In addition, at various times during the extended GC reaction, some GCBC undergo differentiation into either long-lived memory B cells (MBC) or plasma cells. The cellular and molecular signals that govern these fate decisions are not well-understood, but are an active area of research in multiple laboratories. In this review, we cover both the history of this field and focus on recent work that has helped to elucidate the signals and molecules, such as key transcription factors, that coordinate both positive selection as well as differentiation of GCBC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.